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Arthur Pue Gorman 



(Late a Senator from Maryland i 



MEMORIAL ADDRESSES 



Fifty-ninth Congress 

Second Session 



SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES 
February 1, 1907 



HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
February 2, 1907 



Compiled under the direction of the Joint Committee on Printing 



WASHINGTON : : GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE : : 1907 



14 \ 



E^ ^ (c ^-h 



TABLE OF CONTENTS. 



I'aRf. 

Proceedings in the Senate 5 

Prayer by Rev. Ulysse.s G. B. Pierce 5, 7 

.\ddre.ss of Jlr. Rayner. of Maryland. 9 

Address of Sir. Aldrich, of Rhode Island . 21 

.\ddress of Mr. Clay, of Georgia 24 

.\ddress of Mr. Hale, of Maine 55 

Aildre,ss of Jlr. Culloni, of Illinois 3;S 

.\ddress of Mr. Blacklnirn, of Kentucky 45 

.\ddre.ss of Mr. Frye, of JIaine 5 ' 

.\ddress of Mr. Overman, of North Carolina .=;,, 

.\ddress of Mr. Tillman, of South Carolina 5.S 

.\ddress of Mr. AVhyte, of Maryland 64 

Proceedings in the House 66 

Prater by Rev. Henry N. Couden . 6S 

.address of Mr. Talbott, of Maryland . ~\ 

Address of Mr. Cannon, of Illinois. . 77 

Address of Mr. Clark, of Missouri . Si 

.\ddress of Mr. Smith, of Maryland S7 

.\ddress of Mr. Livingston, of Georgia S9 

.\ddress of Mr. Clayton, of .'Alabama 90 

Address of Mr. Towne, of New York 94 

.\ddress of Mr. Byrd, of Mississippi . . 103 

.Address of Mr. Goulden. of New York 110 

Address of Mr. Gill , of JIarvland 112 



Death of Senator Arthur P. Gorman 



PROCEEDINGS IN THE SENATE 

Monday, y««( 4. igo6. 

Rev. Ulysses G. B. Pierce, of the cit\' of \^'ashington, offered 
the following prayer: 

We come into Thy presence, our P'ather, with hearts veiled 
with sorrow. But it is not as if Thy lo-Ce were taken from us 
or Thy power had failed, for we are still Thy children. Thou 
.still our Father. 

Renew our days as of old. Cau.se the light of Thy counte- 
nance to shine upon us. Let Tin- grace strengthen us, and 
through the cloud lead us into the light that never was on land 
or sea. So, our Father, wilt thou turn our niourniuiJ into joy 
and iiur tears into thanksgiving. Amen. 

Mr. Bailey. Mr. President, in the absence of the surviving 
Senator from Maryland, it becomes my painful duty to announce 
the death of Senator CiOKJiAN. The end which awaits us all 
found him this morning. At his residence in this city, ,snr- 
roinided by his .stricken family, he passed from the strife and 
bitterness of this world to the peace and rest of a better one. 

I would ask the Senate to honor his long and faithful .service 
as a member of this body b>- holding a public funeral in the 
Senate Chamber except for the fact that he has left instruction 
that his burial shall be a simple one. In obedience to his 



6 MiiitDiial .\(1drcsst-s : .Irlliiir /'. (inrii/irit 

\\■i^llt's. I Idrhcar lo make an\ n,-([Uc>l fuillR-r than Id ask iIil- 
adojition of the resohiticius wiiicli I st-iiil to the desk. 

At some later time Senator Rayiier, who learned of vSenator 
(ioKMAx's death when it was too late for him to reach the 
Chamber for this morninji's session; will ask us to set apart a 
da\ upon which the Senate will pa\' a littin.L; trihiue to the 
memor\' and services of our deceased associate. 

The Xick-Pkksident. The Secretary will read the resolu- 
tions snljniitted by the Senator from Texas. 

The Secretar\- read the resolutions, as follows: 

A'rso/ffd, That the Senate has heard with profound sorrow of the dealli 
of Hon. .\RTHl'i< I'VE (iORMAN, late a Senator from the State of Maryland. 

A'fso/zvd, That a coniinittee of seventeen Senators be appointed by the 
Vice-T'resident to lake order for superintending the funeral of Mr. GOR- 
M.\.\, which will take place at his late residence, Thursday, Jvuie 7, at 11 
o'clock, and that the Sendte will attend the same. 

A'i'so/;r<f, That as a further mark of re.spect that his remains be removed 
frciiii his late home to the place of interment in Oak Hill Cemetery for 
burial, in charge of the Sergeant-at-.\rms, attended by the committee, 
who shall have full power to carry these re.solutions into effect; an<i that 
the necessary expenses in connection therewith be paid out of the con- 
tingent fund of the Senate. 

A'r'*V)/r'('(/, That the Secretary cnnnnnnicatc a royy of these resolutions 
to tlic Hou.se of Representatives. 

The \'ick-Pk]<;siI)KNT. The (piesliou is on aj^reeiui; to the 
resolutions read by the Secretary. 

The resolutions were iinanimotisly agreed to. 

'I'he X'icx-Pkkside.n'T appointed as the committee, under the 
Second resolution, Mr. Raxuer. Mr. Allison, Mr. Morgan, Mr. 
Hale, Mr. Aldrich, Mr. Teller, Mr, C.allinger, Mr. I'.lkins, 
Mr. Martin, Mr. Tillman, Mi . Cla\ . Mr. Sjiooner, Mr. Keaii, 
Mr. Bailey, Mr. lUackburn, Mr. Clark of Montana, and Mr. 
Overman. 

Mr. B.Mi.KV. Mr. President, .is a mark of further resjiect to 
the inemorx- of Senator C.ok:m.\x, I mo\e that the Senate do 
nc]\\ adjourn. 



Proceed i no; s hi the Srtiatc 7 

Tilt- motion was agreed to; atid 1 at 12 o'clock and lo 
niiniites p. ni. i the .Senate adjourned nntil to-morrow, Tnesdaw 
June 5, 1906, at 12 o'clock meridian. 

TrEsn.w. /////r 5, iqo6. 

A message from the House of Rei)resentatives, 1)_\- Mr. W. J. 
Urowning, its Chief Clerk, tran>mitted to tlie Senate the re.so- 
lutions cif the House on the death of Hon. Aktiu'K Ptk 
GoK.MAN, late a Senator from the State of Maryland. 

The me.ssage also announced that the Speaker of the Ht)U.se 
had appointed Mr. J. Fred C. Talbott. Mr. John Gill, jr.; 
Mr. Thomas A. Smith, of Maryland; Mr. Sydney E. Mtidd, 
Mr. Frank C. Wachter, Mr. George A. Pearre, Mr. John .S. 
Williams, Mr. Leonidas V . Living.ston, Mr. Thoma.s B. Davis, 
of West Virginia: Mr. Samuel M. Robert.son, Mr. John A. 
Moon, of Tennessee- .Mr. John H. .Stephens, of Texas; Mr. 
C. L. Bartlett, Mr. J. W. Babcock, Mr. Theodore V.. Burton, 
of Ohio; Mr. James M. Griggs, and Mr. John F. Rixey, mem- 
bers of the connnittee on the part t)f the Hou.se to attend the 
finieral. 

WkdnKSD.w. June 6, ic^o6. 

Mr. H.\LE. Mr. President, in \-ie\v of the funeral of the 
late Senator from Maryland to-morrow, I move that when the 
Senate adjourns to-day it be to meet at 2 o'clock to-morrow. 

The motion wa.s agreed to. 

TuvRSDW . June 7, /Q06. 

The .Senate met at 2 o'clock ji. m. 

Rev. I'lysses G. B. Pierce, of the city of Washington, offered 
the following prayer : 

From the house of sorrow, our Father, we come to the house 
of labor. So doth Thou lead us from the things to be borne to 
the things to be done. .\nd as Thou hast given us Thy grace 



8 .\Ic»ii)r/a/ . hhircsscs : . lr//iiir P. CorDiaii 

hunihly to bow before Thy good providence, so we beseech Thee 
vouchsafe unto ns Thy strength, that we may steadfastly hiy 
liold of Thy purposes till Thy kingdom shall come and Thy will 
be done on earth, even as it is in heaven. Amen. 

'V\wv.sv>\\ , January J. igoj. 
Vlx. Raynek. Mr. President, I desire to give notice that on 
vSaturday, January 26, 1907, immediately after the routine morn- 
ing l)usiness, I shall ask the vSenate to consider re.solutions in 
.commemoration of the life, character, and public services of 
my late colleague, Hon. Arthtr PrK CiOrm.\x. 

Frid.W, Jatiuayy 2^, Jv"/- 
Mr. Raynek. Mr. President, I desire to give notice that on 
next Friday, February i , at half past 2 o'clock, I will submit 
resolutions commemorative of the public services of the late 
Senator Gormax. The .services were to have taken place 
tomorrow, but have been unavoidalily postjioned. 

Friilav, Fchruaiy 1, i9<i~- 
Mr. R.VYNEK. Mr. President, I submit the re.soluti<Mis which 

I .send to the de.sk, and a.sk for their adoption. 

The \'ick-Pkksident. The Secretary will read the resolu- 

ticms. 

The re.solutions were read, and unanimously agreed to, as 

follows: 

Resolved, That the Senate has heard with profound .sorrow of the 
(U-ath of Hon. .\rThur PuK Gorm.\n, late a Senator from the State of 
Maryland. 

Resol-eed, That a.s a mark of respect to the nietnory of the decea.sed 
the business of the vSenate be now suspended to enable liis a.s.sociates 
to pav proper triliute to his hii^h character and distinifuished plibHc 
services. 

Resolved, That the Secretary conniuuiicate the.se resohilions to the 
House of Representatives. 



MEMORUL ADDRESSES 



Address of Mr. Rayner, of Maryland 

Mr. President: This is one of the many recurring occa- 
sions upon which this body is called together to pa>' tribute to 
the memory of its departed members. It is proper that the.se 
proceedings should take place because it seem.s to me that the 
dead are so soon forgotten now beyond the immediate circle 
that surrounds them, that it is well in cases where men in pub- 
lic life have been of .ser\-ice to their country that there should 
be some public reminder and memorial of their deeds. Senator 
Gorman was for a long time a distinguished figure here. He 
was, during the greater part of his political career, the recog- 
nized leader of the Democratic part5' in his State, and for some 
years its leader in the Nation, and it is entirely within the 
bounds to .say that during all this time he exercised a com- 
manding influence in the councils of his party, and In- virtue of 
his long experience and sagacity occupied a most prominent 
position amongst its foremost men. He possessed to a remark- 
able degree the qualifications of political leadership. 

The question is often asked, What are the constituent ele- 
ments that constitute the.se qualifications? This is a difficiUt 
question to answer. Political leaders in a great degree resemble 
all other leaders in the various walks of war and peace — in the 
profe.s.sions, in literature, and in the ranks of commercial enter- 
prise and business activity. They are born, not made. A man, 

9 



lO Miunn inl .\(Uircssfs: .Irllinr /'. (,ormaii 

if Ik- lia> thetalL-iU for this \ocatioii, ina\- culti\-ate and de\-t;l()i) 
it, hut 1 lia\c never believed that he could create it. It is a 
peculiar jj;ift that is made up of so many parts that the absence 
of an\' one of them would fail to produce the whole. The entire 
combination in its natural and delicate proportions must exist 
in order to brint; about the effect that is known as leadership. 
It is a jiower of mind and singularity of temperament united. 

Senator ('rOKM.\x, at an early age, appeared upon the politi- 
cal arena and he received his training from the masters of the 
art. His preceptors were the formidable chieftains of the ear- 
lier days who formulated great political princi])les and pioneered 
the wa\- through the wilderness often without any guide or 
compass to direct them upon their journey. Party lines were 
then clo.sel\' drawn, and the first lesson that Senator Gorm.\n 
learned was the le.s.son of discipline. He carried it through 
life with him. It is \-ery difficult for anyone to era.se impres- 
sions that have thus been .stamped upon him, and the instruc- 
tions that we receive and the opinions we form and the convic- 
tions we acquire as oiu' intellectual faculties are being developed, 
as a rule, become indelible in our niaturer years. 

Our political sentiments are generally bequeathed to us, and 
even our religious faith comes to us from the remotest ancestry. 
In oin' beliefs, as well as in our habits, we are often the subjects 
of a fate as inibentling and inexorable as the laws of nature. 
vSenator CjOKMAN was trained in a school in which party loyalt\' 
was the alphabet and the curriculum and the test and pa.ss]X)rt 
for honor and jiromotion. He was naturally a man of positive 
])in"])()se and of remarkable power of will, but he always believed 
in the doctrine that the part\' was greater than the indi\idual, 
and if there was a difference of opinion it was the duty of the 
indi\idual to surrender and sacrifice his own views at tlie altars 
of his ]iart\' lo\alt> and allegiance. At the time when he first 



AiMrcss 1)/ Ml. A'av/trr, of Maryland 1 1 

became prominentlj' active in party affairs, all the great politi- 
cal leaders were imbued with these ideas and had been the dis- 
ciples of that school. At present the political tide has changed 
and there is a vast body of independent voters in this countr\' 
who fluctuate according to the men and measures that are 
presented to their suffrages. 

Citizens with these procli\'ities work to a greater advantage 
in State and numicipal politics than they do in national con- 
troversies, and we must all admit that their influence has been 
productive of the greatest good in the various communities in 
which they appear. One thing is certain, however, and that is, 
in time of heated party conflict a party to succeed mu.st have 
discipline, organization, and leadership, and it was in the heat 
of party conflict that Senator Gorman exhibited his talents 
and accomplishments. When others liecame disconcerted he 
preserved his equanimity, and by his unruffled demeanor and 
liis undisturbed self-possession infused courage and confidence 
among his followers, and at times when defeat .seemed immi- 
nent and his supporters were di.scouraged and dismayed and 
his hosts were trembling, his gift of leadership appeared to the 
best advantage. He may have felt doubtful about the result; 
he ma>' have clearly perceived that there was danger threaten- 
ing, but if these thoughts occupied his mind, he never betrayed 
them, and he ne\-er disclosed them, e\'en to those who were 
most inti ."iiately as.sociated with him in the management of 
party affairs. 

If I could properly .summarize what jxjlitical leadership meant 
in his case, I would speak of it as follows: It meant the power 
to analyze the situation and not to be deceived b)- misleading 
appearances, and the faculty of discerning the true condition of 
public opinion. It carried with it necessarily- a degree of per- 
sonal magnetism that often tinned his bitterest enemies into his 



12 Memorial Addresses : Arlliur /'. (joriinr/i 

warmest fi ieiuls. It meant courage and jiidgmeut at critical 
periods and in the hour of emergency, and, what is greater than 
all, it meant wliat I call, for the want of a better name, the 
genius of organization. This genius of organization is an 
endowment and not an acquirement. Some men of great force 
and intellect po.s.se.ss it, while with others similarh- equi])ped 
it is entirely wanting. It is the power and the instrument of 
system and of method. The man who wields this weapon must 
be a man of purpose, of reserve, and of equilibrium. Senator 
Gorman posses.sed all the.se attributes. It requires a thorough 
insight into human nature. It is the peculiar .skill of accom- 
plishing those things that are demanded by circumstances and 
the tact to make the best use of opportunities and occasions as 
they present themselves. It demands a fixed purpose and a 
steady nerve and a re.sourceful mind, and then, above all these 
things, comes the ability to instill into your subordinates the 
in.spiration of your example and to infuse into the masses to 
whom \ou look for results the zeal and enthusiasm that are the 
accompaniments of .success. 

Of course a man who has occupied, like Senator Gorman, a 
po.sition of this sort is bound to create hostility. Like every- 
one else similarly situated he had hosts of friends and hosts of 
enemies. There is one thing remarkable about his career, 
however, and that is he had few, if any, personal enemies. 
The elements that were inimical to him entertained no un- 
friendly feeling toward him personally. 

As a rule every political leader is surrounded by a retinue 
of friends who follow him in order to participate with him in 
his victories and often desert and betray him when disaster 
overtakes him. Senator Gorm.vn's situation was peculiar in 
this respect. He had made friends who were as loj'al to him 
when his fortunes wavered as thev were in the hour of his 



Address of Mr. Raymr, of Afaryfand ■ 13 

greatest triumph. At one of the largest poHtical meetings heUl 
in our vState during the last Congressional canvass the mention 
of his name elicited as much applause from the ranks of the 
party as if his living figure had stood before the assemblage. 
He always believed in the precept, "The friends thou hast and 
their adoption tried, grapple them to thy soul with hooks of 
steel." 

His force was that of attraction and not of repulsion. With- 
out being demon.strative, his Ijearing was at all times genial, 
his carriage and intercourse with his fellow-men were without 
the slightest pomp or pageantry, and he was always access- 
ible to the humblest one of his constituents. He never .sat in 
state, and he gathered no delight whatever from di.spla>- or 
ostentation. He had too much wisdom for pride or vanit_\' 
or exaltation. \^auit3" is generally the attribute of weak 
minds and of persons who glide along the surface — those who 
are thoughtful and profound are as a rule humble aud lowly. 
Some one said of Francis Bacon that he was fraught with 
all the learning of the past and almost prescient of the future, 
but too wise not to know his weakness and too philosophic 
not to feel his ignorance. 

Mr. Gorman was devoted to his work in the vSenate. He had 
dedicated to it the best years and energies of his life and had 
thoroughly understood and mastered it. vSenators who served 
with him upon connnittees here will bear te.stimony to his faith- 
ful attention to the duties that devolved upon him, his untiring 
indu.stry, his assiduous consideration of every practical problem 
that was submitted to him, his capacity for constructi\e legisla- 
tion, the analytical methods that he pursued in his work, and 
the experience that he brought to i>lay in dealing with impor- 
tant questions of governmental expenditures, aud his facult\' of 
summarizing propositions upon this flcjor in a manner that made 
them easih' comprehended. 



14 Mcuioridl . \(hir(sst s : . Irf/iiir /'. ( ioniiaii 

When we think of it, his career was a remarkable one. He 
had risen from an humble position in this body to the hi'jjhest 
and most commanding station. It was not the extraneous 
influence of good fortune that had visited upon him the suc- 
cessive preferments that he received, nor did he claim the 
advantage of a great ancestral line from whom he might ha\-e 
derived the heritage of honor and fame. He advanceil from 
place to place, first in the general assembly, then to the leader- 
ship of the partj- organization in his .State, then to the Senate 
here, and his leadership of his party, and then to the conunand 
of his party forces in the country, sim]>ly liecause he possessed 
the power and the qualifications that entitled him to these 
distinctions. These places were not gifts to him, nor awarded 
to him because of any seniority of service in ranks of his party, 
nor in accordance with any rule, custom, or usage, but because 
it was discerned by lho.se who knew him best and were fullv 
t-apable of judging of his merits that he had the natural (jnali- 
fications to successfully perform these important functions, and 
in his palmy days he never disappointed his followers and never 
fell below the expectations that were entertained of him. 

If 1 were a.sked to select the nio.st important .service that our 
lamented friend rendered to his party beyond these halls T 
would refer to the part he took in the election of Mr. Cleveland 
for President. His tireless and incessant work U])on this occa- 
sion will be long remembered — that is to say, it should be 
remembered. I do not believe that at a time of this sort it is 
jiroper to indulge in undue adulation of those who.se memory 
we are honoring or to bestow exaggerated jjraise above what 
merit calls for. and I am sure that Senator (fOKM.VN, if lie were 
living, would not ap])reciate an\' laudator>- statements of any 
.services' that he had ever performed, either for his jiartx' or his 
country, that he was not fully entitled to. I will, therefore. 



Address ofMr. Rayncr. of' Maryland 15 

not say that his efforts elected Mr. Cle\elaiul to the Presidency, 
but I will, without hesitation, say that he did more than any 
other single individual toward the consummation of that vic- 
tory. He was an untiring worker when he applied himself to 
the accomplishment of aii>- inirjiose that he had in \-iew — cov- 
ering every detail of the programme before him and not over- 
looking the slightest minutia; that could be of any advantage 
to him whatever. 

In this contest he had before him a political geography of 
the United States, with all of its territory and enviroiunent. 
He studied every State, city, and district where there was a 
hope of Democratic success. He kept in constant view every 
.stronghold of his own part\' and every weak and unprotected 
point in the fortifications of the enemy. He jiermitted no s]iot 
to escape him where it was possible to make an inroad upon 
the possessions of the foe. He brought himself into personal 
contact with all the party leaders all over the land. He di.s- 
niissed from his consideration every place where succe.ss was 
imf)OSsible and effected a thorough organization in all places 
where there was a hope of victory. It was an enormous work 
of immense proportions, and the result demonstrated that in 
its prosecution and its triumjihant termination he simply out- 
generaled the chieftains of the Re]>ublican jiarty. and working 
at a disadvantage against them overcame them by the craft and 
skill of his political leadership. Of course, the Democratic 
hosts were with him, and the independent \'ote of the country 
was really the balance of power that decided the contest, but 
beyond it all was a thorough and perfect organization, disci- 
ciplined and marshaled by Senator Gor.m.\x. 

If I were asked to name the most valuable service that he 
rendered to his party — and I hclie\-e to the country — in the 
Senate, I would immediatelx' select his memorable work in 



1 6 Memorial . l</t/nssfs: Arlliur P. Coducdi 

connection with tlie defeat of the measure known as the force 
bill in the Fifty-first Congress. I think the Republican .Sen- 
ators upon this floor have long ago arrived at the conclusion 
that the passage of this bill would have been detrimental to the 
best interests of the people. Whatever differences of opinion 
exi.sted at the time in connection therewith when j)art\' .spirit 
ran high, it is my judgment now that the result of the great 
.struggle has been accepted as final by the intelligence and 
patriotism of the Republican party. At the time, however, it 
was as fierce a conflict as ever engaged the attention of the 
country, and with the fate of the enactment trembling in the 
balance during many months there was a period of great excite- 
ment, and party sentiment was aroused to an intense degree, 
and into this conflict Senator Gorman threw himself with an 
earnestness of purpose that can never be forgotten. 

He was the leader of his part}- in that contest, and if it had 
not been for his devotion to the cau.se he was championing, for 
his parliamentary .skill in the re.sourceful attacks which he 
made when defeat seemed certain, and for the restless labor he 
underwent throughout the weari.some days of that momentous 
period, we might to-day, instead of having the South united in 
the interest of the Union and pervaded by a spirit of patriotism 
as earnest and as ardent as any that throbs in the heart of an\- 
other section of this countrv, have every one of her Common- 
wealths submerged in ruin and disaster, with their spirits 
broken, their enterpri.se retarded, and their entire territory, 
with the glorious jirogress that awaits it, converted into a deso- 
lated and suljjugated political province. 

I desire to refer now to one of the qualities of his private life 
which deserves mention. I have been informed by friends of 
Senator (Ujkman, who were upon terms of the closest intimacy 
with him, that, wliile he did not indulge in an>- ostentatious 



Address of Mr. Rnvnrr, of Marvlaiid 17 

acts of philanthropy, he was ccjiistantly engaged in acts of 
private benevolence and charity, and that any appeal of poverty 
or of suffering alwaws awakened his tenderest sympath>' and 
his ready response. This is the heart and essence of true 
religion. When the time arrives for us to take a final reck- 
oning with our life and balance the account, deeds like this 
are of more priceless value than all the accomplishments of 
ambition and all the achievements of fortune and fame, 
and all the pos.sessions of {xswer and of worldly glory and 

renown. 

For inuiles of faith let ,i{racele.s,s zealots fight; 
His can't be wrong whose life is in the right. 

I come now briefly to another phase of vSenator Gokman'.s 
life which I shall pass over tenderly, because I think it is 
too sacred for intrusion, even upon an occasion of this sort. 
The be.st impuLses of his heart seemed to radiate around the 
glare of his fireside and the circle of his family. His hap- 
pie.st and most contented hours were pas.sed among those to 
whom he was bound b)- the bonds of affection and for whose 
comfort and well-being he was at all times prepared to make 
an}^ sacrifice invoked by love ox dut)-. He found but slight 
amu.sement and took only a passing interest in the pleasures 
of the world, and he centered his deepe.st devotion upon the 
altar of his home, and his fondest hopes clustered around 
those who looked to him for aid and for counsel as the>- 
grew to manhood and womanhood under his fostering care. 

I believe that if Senator Gokm.vn at an\- time would have 
been required to have taken his choice between the accom- 
plishment of his own andjition and his duty to those depend- 
ent upon him he would not have he.sitated a moment in 
making the election. As full of andiition as he was. he 
would have abandoned the worship of its idols for the idoK 
S. Hoc. 404, 59-2 2 



i8 M/)iiori(i/ .l/idrcssts: Arllnir P. CfOniian 

of his liousehohl. ( )ur lioine is rt-ally the lioUest spot on 
earth. It is the oasis in the trackless desert and the foini- 
tain amidst the. parched and thirsty longintjs for restless 
power and aspirations unattained. As years go by the fleet- 
ing phantoms of political honor recede from view and we 
gladly retrace our steps to the temple we ha\-e reared — our 
own architecture — so that we may strengthen its jiillars and 
rear its spires toward the sky. 

There is no word or phrase in any language, dead or liv- 
ing, that I know of that carries with it the full significance 
of the luiglish word "home." It is not capable of transla- 
tion, or even of definition or interpretation, and I ho]ie, 
therefore, that the day will never come when any iconoclast 
will change the orthograph\ of that Anglo-Saxon term and 
destroy the memories and imagery that cluster around it.s 
meatiing. 

And now his jMlgrimage is ended and he is in his eternal 
home, where the m\.stery is unfolded — a mystery that neither 
philosophy nor science has ever solved. We ha\'e unbo.somed 
the secrets of the earth and expo.sed the c\'cles of geologic time 
and gazed into re\-olving planets, but we stand aghast and 
diunb at llie prolilem of nran's creation. We can explain from 
a natural stand])oint almost e\erything except the most vital 
of them all, an<l that is the problem of our e.\i.stence. Upon 
this subject we can gather as much information from the unlet- 
tered savage as we can from the ])rofoundest thought that e\-er 
dawned tipon the earth. The most learned .scientist (.)f the 
present age has written a volinne entitled "The Riddle of the 
I'nivense," in which he has e.s.sayed modestly to .solve the 
riddle, and the la.st jxige of this remarkable ])rt)duction leaves 
us absolutelx' forlorn, comfortless, and deserted, the hum.in 
heart without an asjiiration, and the universe an utter .scene of 
desolation. 



.h/f/nss of Mr. Ravncr, of Marylniid ig 

The tjenuaii pliilosopher, Gotrthc. the jJiofnuiulest student of 
his age, when one of his companions was connnunicating to 
him his doubts upon the authenticit\' of re\'ealed rehgion, said, 
" My friend, ijive me some faith — I lia\e sufficient doubts of my 
own without re(iuinn.'; them to be supplemented." The cynic, 
Rabelais, exclaimed, "Ring down the curtain; the farce is 
done." Spinoza, the outlaw of the synagogue and the great- 
est of them all, stood like a solitary sentinel upon the confines 
of the universe in cnnnnunion with his Creator and constructed 
a sy.stem which has made him the idol of the philosophical 
world. 

Mr. President, I have pored for years over this cheerless 
desire of human thought, and wliile I am a firm beliex'er in the 
absolute liberty of thought, I can say, what has been well said 
upon another occasion, that my warm love of genuine liberty 
has never chilled me into rebellion with its author, and so I be- 
lieve it was with our departed friend. 

That is the impression he left on me upon the last occasion 

when I met him. I questioned him then in regard to his 

health and, while I had the gloomiest forebodings of the mortal 

. malady that .seemed to encompa.ss him within its grasp, I 

was extremely careful not to comnuuiicate \\\\ thoughts, or 

to give him the .slightest evidence of my feelings in that regard. 

He was a man of courage, and when he informed me that his 

physician had admonished him that his heart was seriously and 

perhaps fatally involved, one of the mo.st beautiful of all poetic 

thoughts came speedily to my mind, becau.se it was so appro- 

proiate to the occasion, that; 

Our hearts though stout and brave, 
Still like muffled drum.s are beating 
Funeral marches to the grave. 

I am told that he met death as he had passed through many 
critical vici.ssitudes of his active and remarkable career, with 



2C) Memorial .Iddrtsscs : Artlinr /'. Goriiiaii 

coinposurL-, with resignaliou. with fortitude, and with liope. 
The chamber oi deatli ahvays presents a sceue of sorrow and 
often of despair, but penetrating the gloom there is a conviction 
more ])otenl than all the processes of reasoning, that this can 
not be a finalit)- in Creation's work, and that the soul can not 
perisli when the chords and keys that gave it utterance are 
broken. Reason as we will, this belief, as the years go by, 
becomes a sacred and a divine inspiration, an inspiration that 
grows stronger and stronger as the frail tenement that contains 
it weakens and dissolves until, at the very moment of dissolu- 
tion, in every life consecrated to some sublime and lofty purpose, 
it blazes forth and penetrates into distant realms with all the 
radiance of the morning sun. 



.l/Mnss oy Mr. .Ui/r/r//, of Rliode hlcxiid 21 



Address of Mr. Aldrich, of Rhode Island 

Mr. President: Mr. Gokjiax was a meiiiher of tlie vSenate 
for twenty-one years, and for a greater portion of this time 
he was the acknowledged and responsible leader of his party in 
this Chamber. Nature made him a leader of men. This was 
shown not only by the character of his influence and .services 
here, but by his ab.solute domination for a generation of the acts 
and jwlicies of his party in Maryland and by the conspicuous 
position which he long held in national Democratic councils. 
His successful management of the campaign of 1884, which re- 
sulted in the election of a Democratic President for the first 
time in twenty-eight j-ears, gave him his first prominence as a 
commanding figure in national politics. In each .succes,sive 
campaign thereafter he was the trusted adviser alike of candidates 
and committees. He was three times prominently mentioned as 
a po-ssible nominee for the Presidency, and many of his friends 
believe that if it had not been for the disadvantage of locality he 
would have received his party's indorsement for this hi.gh honor. 

This record of successful political leadership in many fields 
has hardly a parallel in the history of the country. Mr. GoR- 
m.\n's supremacy in this respect never surpri.sed those who 
knew him best — those who had the most thorough understand- 
ing and appreciation of his qualities of mind and heart. He 
was wi.se, .skillful, and resourceful, and his genial presence and 
magnetic per.sonality at once inspired confidence and .secured 
allegiance. 

In the notal)le contests which have taken place on this floor 
over great questions of pulilic polic)', when part}- advantage 
was earnestly sought by the conte.stants, Mr. Gorman appeared 



22 Memorial Addresses: Arthur P. (rorniaii 

at his best. Cool and collected, he seemed always to know iii- 
stincti\'el>- and at once the strength and weakness of his own 
position and that of his antagonists. In debate on such occa- 
sions he did not seek for rhetorical effect, but contented him- 
self with stating his propositions clearly and conci-sel)' and in 
a manner which was admirable in tone and convincing in effect. 

The value and importance to the country, however, of Mr. 
Gorman's services here were as a practical legislator and not 
as a political leader. In legislation he did not confine his at- 
tention to subjects reported from the Committee on Appropria- 
tions, of which he was long a leading member, but he took a 
prominent part in the consideration and disposition of every 
important subject that came before the Senate during his term 
of .service. He brought to the discussion of these questions a 
soinid judgment and clear perception. In all really great ([ues- 
tions involving the dignity or the welfare of the country he put 
patriotism above partisanship. In the everyday work of the 
Senate, when no great party interest was at .stake, his differ- 
ences with his associates were never along party lines. At such 
times his intelligent insight into and broad treatment of public 
questions commanded the approval alike of his Republican and 
Democratic colleagues. 

No man ever had a seat in this Chamber who more jealou.sl)- 
guarded the rights and prerogatives of the Senate or who had 
a higher admiration for its history and traditions than the late 
Senator from Maryland. Coming here as a page in 1852, very 
much the larger portion of his mature life was .spent within 
these walls. He knew personally ino.st of the great men who 
have been actix'e in public life for half a centur>-. Under such 
circumstances it is not strange that Senator Gorman's affection 
for the Senate should have been uiuisually deep and constant. 

The rules and practices affecting debate and controlling the 



Addrrss of Mr. Aldrich, of RItodc /siiuid 23 

disposition of business in the Senate are unique in their char- 
acter and are largelj- obser^^ed and enforced b>- unanimous 
consent. In tr>ing times these conditions require frequent 
conferences between those who hold responsible positions with 
reference to the work of the Senate on both sides of the 
Chamber. These consultations necessarilj- afford unusual 
opportmiities for the study of personal characteristics. I 
believe that all of my Republican associates who have taken 
an active part in conferences in which vSetiator CtOR1M.\n' 
appeared as the most important representative of his party 
will agree with me in placing a very high estimate upon the 
vSenator's character as a man and as a legislator. His courtesy 
was unfailing, his knowledge of precedent lULSurpassed, his 
agreements once made were kept with scrupulous fidelitA-, both 
in letter and in .spirit. His wisdom, his moderation, his powers 
of persuasion have been invaluable iu many a threatening 
emergency in the Senate. 

My personal relations with Mr. Gorman during all the 
years of our common .service were of the most friendly char- 
acter, although we rarely found ourselves in .agreement upon 
questions which were purely political in their nature. His 
personality was very attractive to me, and I believe he was 
incapable of doing a mean or a dishonorable act. He was 
fearless in the advocacy of measures that met his approval, 
and in common with men with positive convictions and the 
courage to act upon them at times he was subjected to severe 
criticism on the part of those who failed to agree with him. 

There was nothing of the timeserver or the demagogue in 
his nature. He .served his countr\- with ability and fidelity, 
and is fully entitled to be held in grateful memory by his 
fellow-countrvnieii. 



,24 Memorial .Iddrcsscs : .Irthitr P. (inniiaii 



Address of Mr. Clay, of Georgia 

Mr. President; In the death of Senator Gorman one of 
the most remarkable men of our countrj' has passed away. 
He had an extraordinary career, a career that challenged the 
admiration of the entire country. No puljlic man was more 
universally beloved in the .South than Senator Gorman. He 
had been the steadfa.st friend of the people of the Sotith in the 
hour of the darkest trial, and we trusted and loved him. Univer- 
sal sorrow prevailed among our people when his death was an- 
nounced. We knew we had lost a \-aIuable and faitliful friend. 
Mr. Gorm.\n took his seat in the Senate March 4, 1S81, and 
served continuously for eighteen years. His party was de- 
feated in Maryland in 1898, and he retired from the Senate 
March 3, 1899. He only remained in prix'ate life a short 
while. Two years later his party triumphed in Mar>-laiv:l, and 
he returned to the Senate for a fourth term, receiving practi- 
cally the tnianimous vote of his part}'. He received the con- 
gratulations of friends on both .sides of the Chamber, for his 
colleagues, regardless of part)-, recognized the valualile services 
he had rendered his countrw 

I only had a casual acquaintance with vSenator Gorman 
before I became a member of the Senate. I was introduced 
to him by Mr. Crisp, who regarded Mr. Gorman as one of the 
ablest men in public life. Mr. Crisp .said to me that Senator 
Gorman was a loyal friend, a wise counselor, and a .safe 
leader. At that time the thought never occurred to nie that 
I would some day be his colleague in this body. 

A.ssociation with Mr. Gorman demon,strated to me that Mr. 
Cri.sp had formed a correct judgment as to the worth of this 
great man. He was one of the noted men of the Senate. 



Address of Mr. Clay, of Georgia 25 

He began as a page on the floor of the Senate and by the 
force of his own energ\- and talents lie became the acknowl- 
edged leader of his party. His career illustrates the possibili- 
ties of American citizenship. 

The story of his life, the sncce.ss he achieved, the good he 
accomplished, will for all time be an inspiration to the )-ouug 
men of the country. 

Almost for a quarter of a century his name was intimately 
associated with the legislative history of the country. 

On the floor of the Senate he was an attractive figure ; he 
never spoke to empty benches ; his speeches were short, 
pointed, forcible, and convincing. He never talked unless he 
had something to .say. He mastered his subject before he 
entered the arena of debate. 

I became a member of the Senate in March, 1S97, and con- 
sequenth- served with Senator Gorm.\n in the Senate only five 
years. During this time he frequently participated in the 
debates and was one of the most attractive .speakers on the 
floor of the Senate. 

The Congressional Record will show that during his entire 
Senatorial career he participated in the debates of the Senate 
on many subjects, including the tariff of 1 883-1 8SS and 1890, 
1893, and 1897; interstate commerce ; Chinese immigration ; 
the public printing; the Canadian fisheries; the building of 
the Navy ; the Canadian and domestic trausportatiou traffic ; 
the Treasury surplus ; and, in fact, nearly every question of 
importance that came before Congress. 

When he spoke Senators from both sides of the Chamber 
would ha.sten to their seats, and he would invariably have a 
full and attentive audience with him, to stay until he had 
finished. Xo Senator spoke to larger audiences than did 
Senator Gokm.vn. 



26 Mciiiorial .\ddr(sscs : Arf/iiir P. (ioniiaii 

W}ieii we study his public life and appreciate the high order 
of his talents we can easily understaud the influence he exerted 
over others. He was a mau of convictions, sought diligentlv 
to form correct conclusions, and was thoroughly in earnest in 
debate. He convinced his hearers that he was right and easily 
carried them with him. He used no surplus words ; he spoke 
briefly, but pointedly, and when he was through there was 
little to be said on his side of the subject. 

The Democratic party has succeeded in onl>- two national 
campaigns .since the civil war. Grover Cleveland was elected 
President of the ITnited States in 1S84 and was the first Demo- 
cratic President to take the reins of Government since Mr. 
Buchanan retired from the Presidential office. 

So conspicuous and \-ahiable was the part taken by Mr. 
GoRM.\N in the national campaign of 1884, it was Ijut natural 
to expect that he would be a powerful factor in shaping the 
policy of the new Administration. 

As chairman of the national executive conunittee, he was the 
guiding hand of that remarkable campaign. His party gave due 
credit to him and attributed the success achieved to his skillful 
and faultless management. Such public men as Manning, 
Bayard, Garland, and I^aniar recognized that Mr. Gorman's 
services in behalf of his party made him the proper person to 
lead the Administration forces on the floor of the Senate. In 
fact, the whole country knew that he was the guiding hand that 
had once more placed Democracy in power. Mr. Gorji.xx was 
the recipient of ovations wherever he went at the close of that 
campaign. 

It is but just to .say at this time that Mr. Cleveland appreci- 
ated the \-aluable .services the Maryland Senator had rendered 
in securing his triumphant election, and he enjoyed the confi- 
dence and friendship of Mr. Cleveland diu'ing his first term in 
office. 



Address of Mr. Clay, of Grorq-ia 27 

He was a conspicuous factor in the campaign when Mr. 
Cleveland was elected the second time. In Mr. Cleveland's 
last Admini-stration the public soon learned that Mr. Gorman's 
influence had greatly suffered with the President. Due regard 
for the truth compels me to say that we have unmistakable 
evidence that the President would not listen to the advice and 
counsel of Mr. GoRMAX during his last Administration. When 
the truth of history is written the embarrassments and subse- 
quent overthrow of the Democratic jiarty will be largely 
attributed to the want of party harmony. 

Mr. GoRM.vx was entitled to the respect and confidence of 
the President; he had always been loyal, and had rendered 
conspicuous service to his party, and his counsel and advice 
were constantly needed to bring together and harmonize the 
different elements of the Democratic party to the support of the 
Administration. At that time there were many antagonistic 
elements in the party, and Mr. Gorm.an possessed the happy 
faculty oi adjusting differences and felt anxiety about the future 
harmony of his party. His counsel and advice, however, did 
not prevail, and disastrous results followed. 

I have always believed that if the wise and conser\'ative polic}- 
advocated by Mr. Gorman had prevailed the different ele- 
ments in the Democratic party could have been kept together 
and the party would have been greatly strengthened for future 
usefulness. 

Mr. Gorman recognized that two great political parties, eacli 
contesting for supremacy, were necessary for the preservation 
of our institutions. Two great political parties, evenly balanced, 
debating great issues, scrutinizing closely the conduct of each 
other, insures to the people clean, honest, good government. 
The po.sitiou of chairman of the minority- conference in the 
Senate is one of honor and responsibility. The chairman pre- 



28 Mniiorial .Iddrcsscs : . \itliur P. (^oniiaii 

sides over llie ininoritN' ccjiiference and is a recognized leader 
of the niinority. 

Mr. (jOKMAN was unanimously chosen for this position in 
1889. 1 hold in my hand a clipping from a reputable news- 
paper, giving an account of his election and valuable services as 
a leader of the niinority, including a statement of thu brilliant 
and successful fight lie made against the force bill, which I 
insert as part of my remarks. 

I have been assured by his a.ssociates in this Chamber still 
living of the correctness of this statement of his connection 
with this jiarliamentary struggle. 

I do not insert it to revive the unpleasant memories growing 
out of that contest, but to show the e.stimate placed upon the 
ser\^ices of the distinguished dead in defeating this legislation. 

The article in.serted is as follows: 

Upon the death of Mr. Beck, of Kentucky, in 1S89, Mr. Gorman was 
promptly and unanimously chosen for the position by his Democratic 
colleagues. 

The accession of Mr. Gorman to the post of active minority leadership 
was the more gladl)' hailed bj' Democratic Senators for the reason thai, at 
the very time of his election, the odious "force bill," which was a source 
of so much anxiety and fearful apprehension on the part of the .southern 
Democrats, had pa.ssed the House under Speaker Reed's dictatorship and 
was hanging like a cloud over the deliberations of the Senate, in which 
the Republicans had a clear majority of eleven votes. In this great emer- 
gency the Democratic minoritj' placed especial reliance upon their resource- 
ful leader, whose mettle had already been tried and whose skill as a par- 
liamentarian was recognized on both sides of the Chamber. 

The Republicans introduced two distinctive party measures into the 
I'"ifty-first Congress— the McKinley tariff bill and the Lodge election law, 
commonly known as the "force bill." Both had, at the .start, the solid 
support of their party organization, and both were put through the Hou.se 
under the "Reed rules," at the first session, vvilhoul the formality of 
ilebate or deliberate consideration. The McKinley bill also passed the 
.Senate near the end of the fir.st session, on September 10, 1890, after a pro- 
tracted debate, in which Mr. Gorm.\n took an active and strongly antag- 
onistic position. It pa.ssed by a strict party vote, having eleven majority. 
Its companion measure, the force bill, was allowed to go over to the .second 



Address of Mr. C/ny. of Ccon^ia 29 

session, because the Democrats threatened to fight it to the bitter end, and 
the Republicans were compelled to take a recess for the fall campaign. 

When the second session came together, in December, 1890, the Re- 
publicans of the Senate received a renewed partisan impulse to stand 
together and drive it through as a part}- measure from two sources first, 
from the unfavorable trend shown by the fall elections, and, second, by a 
vigorous advocacy of its early passage in the message of President Harri- 
son. Accordingh- the measure was taken up on the first day of the ses- 
sion, all other things being put aside, and pressed with all the energy and 
parliamentary .skill known to the skillful parliamentarians of the majority 
of the Senate. The McKinley bill had received eleven majority a few 
months earlier, an<l the advocates of the force bill calculated that its com- 
panion measure would have the same backing, if it could be brought to a 
vote. This was probably true. 

Senator Hoar, one of the most accomplished parliamentarians of the 
Senate, was in charge of the bill, and he had for his active aids and con- 
stant coadjutors Mr. Aldrich, Mr. Edmunds, and all the most skillful 
lawyers and managers of the majority. Against this compact, aggressive, 
and determined force stood the solid Democratic strength of the Senate, 
resolved to fight to the bitter end. The}' were helpless in their weakness, 
if the question came to an early vote, and it looked to the whole country, 
and to man}- of the nunority Senators themselves, that they were leading 
an utterly forlorn hope. Their only hope lay in their staving off a vote 
by a skillful use of the liberal rules of the Senate and of the general prin- 
ciples of parliamentary law, until a change in the sentiment of the countr}- 
might break the solidity of the Republican column. 

Thus was the alignment drawn for one of the greatest parliamentary 
battles ever known. The contest was an unequal one otherwise than in 
numbers, for although the Democratic minority possessed a fine array of 
oratorical and debating talent, the Republicans had the decided advan- 
tage in parliamentary experience and skill. The Democrats relied largely, 
in fact almost exclusively, in the matter of tactical skill upon their strong, 
vigilant, and well-balanced leader, or, as Senator Bayard had expressed it, 
"the quiet, self-.sustaining, and self-sustained man whom Maryland has 
gpven to the Union." Mr. Gorm.\n was the equal in parliamentary and 
tactical skill of any man on the Republican side, and, as the result showed, 
the superior of them all. 

The greatest inspiration of the minority during the seven long weeks of 
the bitter and exhausting struggle was the serene and perfect confidence 
of their leader, who never for a moment entertained the idea of defeat. 
This splendid s])irit of confident aggressiveness was marked upon l)y all, 
and commiuiicating itself to the whole minority ailded much to their 
esprit de corps. It also .seemed to perple.x and confound the majority and 
had its effect upon the observant country. Democratic Senators, inter- 
preting the force bill as a measure designed for the reinstatement and per- 



3© .^fiiiiorial Addresses : .\rlliiir P. C',()r»ian 

petuation of negro (loiniimtion in the South, put their whole souls into the 
contest, and, realizing the necessity <if perfect discipline to accomplish 
their ends, conceded much to the discretion and judgment of their 
appointed leader. 

Rarely has a parliamentary leader been invested with such complete 
command as was Senator Gorman during the memorable battle. Old 
employees of the Senate relate incidents of the leading and distinguished 
Southern .Senators applying to the chairman of the minority conference 
to know if it was advisable for them to go down to the restaurant on the 
floor below for lunch, and reporting whenever they temporarily withdrew 
from the Chamber where they might be found in an emergency. 

The first test of strength came on the first day of the session, December 
3, 1S90, on Mr. Hoar's motion to take up the bill for consideration, which 
was adopted by a vole of 41 to 30, showing the Republican party strength. 
Had the final vote been taken on that day the bill would undoubtedh- 
have been passed by the same majority. The final test came on January 
26, 1S91, when Mr. Wolcott, of Colorado, asked Mr. Morgan to yield the 
floor in order that he might move to take up the bill making an appor- 
tionment of representation in Congress under the Eleventh Census, which 
motion was adopted by a vote of 35 to 34, thus displacing and finallv dis- 
posing of the force bill. 

During the intervening seven weeks the Democratic minority had held 
the floor constantly throughout the day and often through the night, 
when night sessions were forced. Every alternative known to parliamen- 
tarj' skill looking to the forcing of a vote on the bill was tried from time 
to time by the Republicans, but they were met at every turn and always 
baffled. Wearying of the effort to terminate the debate, the majority tried, 
as a last resort, to take a .Senator off the floor for the purpo.se of adopting 
a cloture resolution, but the Vice-Pre.sident failed them at the last moment 
of this revolutionary proceeding, weakening in his purpose before the 
well-directed fire of the minority. During the seven weeks of imtiring 
vigilance Mr. Gorman occupied the floor a considerable portion of the 
time himself and contributed much to the parliamentary feature of the 
debate. In the meantime the eyes of the country had been opened to the 
unfair and partisan character of the pending measure. The public senti- 
ment of the countrj- admired the splendid fight the Democrats had made 
against it and sympathized with the South against the proposed sectional 
discrimination. This .sentiment communicated itself to the minds of the 
more liberal Senators, and the result was a change of the necessarv votes 
to defeat the partisan measure. 

Thus ended one of tlie most noted parliamentary battles on record, and 
the name of the Maryland Senator will go down on the pages of history 
intimately and honorably a.ssociated with it. 

I (l(Xibt if any public man has rendered more valuable .ser\-- 
ice.s to his party and country than Senator Gorman during 



Address of Mi-. C//n\ of Grors^ia 31 

tlie last quarter of a century. By reason of his conspicuous 
service, his eminent ability, and sterling integrity he was enti- 
tled to his party uominatiou for the office of the President of 
the United States. He had a strong following in many sections 
of the country for this high honor, but histor)- teaches us that 
party service and party loyalty is not always appreciated and 
properly rewarded. 

Neither Webster, Clay, Calhoun, Benton, nor Blaine ever 
reached the Presidency, but each has left an enduring fame not 
eclipsed b>' any occupant of the Presidential chair. 

Mr. Gorman would have made an admirable President. 
His career is closed, but was one of the most remarkable in the 
hi.story of our country. The young men of the Republic can 
be taught to study his history, follow his coun.sel, and the 
world is better by reason of his public life. When we read the 
story of his life we are not surprised at the success he achieved. 
He was a self-made man; he began life without money. He 
came from a modest home, where love of neighbors and love of 
country was inculcated and where self-reliance was taught. 
In early life he knew the value of industry. He acted on the 
maxim that nothing was impossible to industry-. He was 
kind, generous, unselfish, with a heart full of sympathy for 
humanity. 

To my certain knowledge he helped the weak and lowly in 
their efforts to be strong. The good he accomplished will for 
all time be an in.spiration for the young men of the country. 
They will read his hi.story and follow in the footpaths blazed 
out by this illustrious son of the Republic. 

The influence of the good never dies. I am sure that this 
generation and all generations to come will be better, stronger, 
wiser, and happier by rea.soii of his life. 

We teach our .sons to study the characters of the great Roman 



32 Memorial Addresses: Arlliiir /'. C,orina)i 

senators, to practice their virtues, and we are the recipients of 
untold blessings from those who have been dead for more than 
a thousand years. 

I wish to give to his memory oul)' just praise, for I am sure 
if he could have a voice as to the character of these exercises 
he would not countenance false praise. 

While not a college graduate, he was a student, a hard 
worker, and kept thoroughly posted on the current business of 
the Senate. His conceptions were quick and remarkably accu- 
rate; his judgment was good of both men and measures. Few 
men ha\-e been found with such a rare combination of faculties 
and powers as he possessed. Though frequently most bitterly 
assailed, his entire public career was pure, honest, fearless, and 
patriotic. 

All great men at some period in their career have been mis- 
understood, .slandered, and maligned. 

Washington, Jefferson, Cla^-, Webster, Calhoun, Jackson, 
and Blaine were the subjects of most bitter attacks, but hi.story 
has done each justice. Passion and prejudice die, and truth 
and justice triumph. 

When the historian .shall record the truth of Senator Gor- 
man's life, this story will be both interesting and instructi\-e. 
Let the truth be told and the story will show a life devoted to 
toil, devotion to dutj-, and honest and faithful in all the rela- 
tions of life. This .story will show that he was a man of con- 
victions, and that he battled fearlessly and unrelentingly to 
accomplish his purposes; that he was not only a man of ability, 
but of integrity and high courage; that he was a man who 
loved the whole country and bore no malice in his heart toward 
anyone. This storj-, truthfnll\- and iinpartiall_\- related, will 
.show that he fought openly and manfully for what he believed 
to be right, and that he fought for those things which he 
firmly believed would advance the best interests of his country. 



Address of Mr. Clay, of Georgia 33 

When I first km-w liim the relations l)et\veeii lis were not so 
cordial; we did not know and understand each other. The 
more I knew of him the better I liked him. When he died, we 
were warm, sincere, and devoted friends. 

He was a Senator with long ser\'ice and was heliiful to nie in 
the discharge of m\" duties. I express my sincere convictions 
when I say he was a pure, honest, and fearless patriot. I hon- 
ored, respected, and lo\-ed Senator Gormax. In his death we 
ha\-e lost a most illustrious member, a wise and .safe leader, an 
al)le statesman, and an accomplished gentleman. 

Senator Gokiiax attained his high distinction in the service 
and counsels of his country by the practice of those cardinal 
virtues which constitute the road to elevation and fame. 

History teaches us that from the first .settlement of Mary- 
land she never authorized a .single act of intolerance again.st 
any denomination of Christians. Maryland established the 
practice of Chri.stian toleration in the new hemisphere and laid 
the great work for the complete superstructure, which was 
afterwards reared by the hands of Jefferson and his illustrious 
colaborers, of the cause of truth. 

Mr. Bancroft tells us she was the first to g'i\'e religious lib- 
erty a home, its only home in the wide world, where the dis- 
franchised friends of prelacy from Massachusetts and the 
Puritans from Virginia were welcome to equal liberty of con- 
science and political rights: 

The first of every land in all the world 

Where love of God, in peace, each creed defined, 

And freedom of the heart was certified 
By freedom of the mind ; 

When.- Christian each might worship as he willed. 
Where temples throning different faiths aro.se. 

Where bigot and where martyr, side by side, 
Were shielded from their foes. 

S. Doc. 404, 59-2 3 



34 AfriiiorKr/ Addresses : Artluir P. Conn an 

It was lanieiitahlf to sec iiicii wlio had fled from the (^Id 
World to secure tlie enjoyment of civil and religions liberty 
themselves and their children persecuting their fellow-men for 
a difference in creed. Maryland taught a better lesson and 
exemplified her teachings by her practice. 

The Republic has followed the splendid exain])le taught in 
the early hi.story of the nation by the .sons of Maryland 

Senator Gokm.vn began life with correct principles. He 
firmly exemplified by every act of his life his belief and adher- 
ence to the principles taught by the founders of his State. 

The spirit of toleration characterized every act of his life. 
He believed that every citizen of the Republic was entitled to 
the peaceful enjoyment of civil and religious lil)ert\'. 

Mr. President, a great man is gone. His life work is ended. 
In his private life he was kiml, courteous, generous, and noble. 
He has fulfilled his mission and done his work well. 

It can be truly said that he manfully discharged every pri- 
vate and public obligation of life. 

His hi.stor}' shows us much to admire and to emulate. He 
has made a record of whicli we all may be proud. He has set 
an example that all of us who survive him may well follow. 

In his death his State has lost one of her most illu.strious 
.sons and the couutr)' one of its ablest and purest statesmen. 



Address of Mr. Hale, of Maine 35 



Address of Mr. Hale, of Maine 

Mr. President: The late vSeiiator from Maryland and I 
came to the Senate at the same time, standing at the desk 
together where we were sworn in on the 4th day of March, 
1S81, the opening day of the Forty-seventh Congress. Mr. 
GoRM.\x before that had no Congressional service, but was 
prominent in his party and was accounted as it.s leader in the 
State of Maryland. He had acquired legislative experience 
by service in both branches of the Maryland legislature; was 
prominent in large busine.ss enterprises in the State, and so, 
both hy natural ability and by experience, was amph- qualified 
to render important service in this body. 

It was my good fortune to be placed with him on important 
conunittees and to become closely acquainted with him in a 
personal intercourse which developed a friendship upon which 
I have always set great value and to which I contributed a 
.sincere regard, founded upon the deepest respect. I do not 
recall a .single instance where this friendship, though Mr. 
GoRStAX and I had many .sharp conflicts upon this floor, wa.s 
ever strained or interrupted. 

The fine character and great services of the late Senator 
have been so well portrayed by the eloquent Senator from 
Maryland who pre.sents the resolutions, and by other vSeuator.s 
who liad long .service with him, that in what I am to sa\- briefly 
I shall cciufiue myself to the consideration of Mr. Gok.'wax'.s 
service in the Senate as a great legislator. 

He could make .speeches, alwa\'s good and never long. He 
could maintain the organization of his party on this floor, 
where he was its acknowledged leader. His eye was quick in 



36 Moiiovial Addresses: .Irtluir /'. Crorman 

disceniing any weakness in the action of his o])poncnls when 
purely pohtical measures were up for (Uscussion and action. 
He was wary and a master of expedient and device aud was 
sleepless in exercising the mastery that was acceded to him in 
the councils of his party, both here and elsewhere. 

But beyond these things, Mr. President — and I should .say 
greater than all these things in estimating Mr. Gokjian's 
public service — was his prominence as a great legislator and 
in shaping general legi.slation . He gave the be.st part of his 
time to this field of duty. It is not .so picturesque a field, Mr. 
President, as some others. Its product and its results do not 
so often occupy the newspapers or arouse immediate pulilic 
interest, but the grave and thoughtful temperament of Mr. 
GoRaiAN, his .self-poise, and his sedateness all suited with that 
work here which is formulated and Avorked out and at last 
crystallized into what I may call good legislation. Into this 
domain Mr. Gorjian never intruded mere party politics. He 
acted with unwavering fidelity with either Democrat or Repub- 
lican who sought to put upon the statute book subjects of 
legislation for the benefit of all the people. 

Neither upon this floor nor in conmiittee room in this work 
did. Mr. Gorman subordinate the public interest to party 
preference or advantage. He not only contributed to the 
work of a good legislator \i\ his quiet, effective work in com- 
mittee, but in hundreds of instances on this floor he was able 
to .show, by his great facility as a debater, how important he 
counted the public good aud how earnest was his desire to 
contribute to it. 

It will be a long day, Mr. President, before the superior of 
the late Senator from Maryland, in this regard, will be found 
upon this floor upon either side of the Chamber. 

Mr. President, the .service here of an old Senator, although 



Address of Mr. Hal(\ of Maine 37 

in the highest degree honorable and sought by lis all, is not 
easy nor always comfortable and, perhaps I may say, not 
always enjoyable. It is beset with added labor and responsi- 
bility, and the necessit}', at times, for independence of thought 
and action, and a fearlessness, which may not always be upon 
the right side and certainly is not infrequently upon the un- 
popular side. And, added to all this, is the saddening feature, 
in an older Senator's career, of .seeing his friends and associates 
drop away in the march of time, until at last he stands com- 
paratively alone. 

When a Senator like Mr. Gorman is called from duty in 
this body, b}- a summons which no man can resist, he is mi.ssed 
and mourned b}' all, but !)>■ none so keenly as the men with 
whom he has been longest as.sociated. 

There are to-day, Mr. Pre.sident, but two Senators on this 
floor who had seats here when Mr. Gorman and I entered 
the Senate and who have held continuous ser\-ice ever since — 
the distinguished vSenator from Iowa, Mr. Allison, and the 
distinguished Senator from Alabama, Mr. Morgan. Senator 
Teller's service was interrupted by his Cabinet service in Presi- 
dent Arthur's Administration. All the rest have fallen out 
by the way. They make their loss felt not by any proclama- 
tion or outward show Init in that intangible wa}' that sinks 
the deepest into the human heart. We realize the missed foot- 
-step, the clear voice on this floor silent, the calm face at the 
committee table absent, and all this we feel and we know in 
the death of the late .Senator from Maryland. 

We miss all his great qualities. We shall miss his active 
participation in debate, his guiding hand in legislation, and his 
prominence in the battles fought on this floor. Let tis hope 
and believe chat from the.se he has passed "to where, beyond 
these voices, there is peace." 



3^ .\fii)iorial .Idi/rcssfs: Arlliur I'. (Gorman 



Address of Mr. Culloh, of Illinois 

Mr. Pkksidknt: The remarks that I shall make will be 
very brief, but I did not feel that I could afford to miss the 
opportunity of saying a few words upon this occasion. 

We have to-day laid aside the ordinary busine.ss of the 
Senate that we may pay our tribute to the memory of a loved 
and respected colleague, Arthur Pue Gorman, late a Senator 
from Maryland, who for many years was one of the most 
prominent members of this bod>'. 

vSenator Gokmax had a remarkable public career. Without 
the advantages of a great family name, without wealth, with a 
limited education, through his own exertions alone, he ro.se 
from an humble employee of this vSenate to the position of one 
of its members and a leader of his party second to none in my 
term of service. 

He was educated in that greatest of all schools, the school of 
experience. And in his case what a school it was. He was in 
the .service of the Senate during the most important and vital 
epoch in our history. In his early life he was familiar with 
tho.se intellectual giants who were .Senators during the stirring 
period preceding the civil war, during the civil war, followed 
by the days of reconstrtiction, when our destiny hung in the 
balance and when the nation, after a bapli.sm of blood and fire, 
was made anew. Douglas, Seward, Hamlin, Jefferson Davis, 
Benjamin, Toombs, Houston, Cass, Wade, Sumner, Trumbull, 
Fessenden, Grimes, and many other of the mcst noted men in 
all our history were here as vSenators during his early life. 

He was a protege, friend, and follower of that illustrious 
Illinoi.san, .Stephen A. Douglas, than whon: there was no abler 
statesman and Seuator of his daw 



Address of Mr. Citlloni, of Illiiiois 39 

Senator Gorman might be said to have been born a Douglas 
Democrat. His father was one of Douglas's greatest admirers, 
and followed his leader, like so many thousands of patriotic 
Douglas Democrats, in remaining true to the Union. 

As a State legislator, as a leader of his party in Maryland, 
Senator Gorman early exhibited those qualities which later 
gave him so much prominence here. He was little known out- 
side of his State until his election to the Senate in 1880, and 
the attention of the country was not much attracted to him 
until four years later, when he conducted the national Demo- 
cratic campaign of that year, and when, for the first time in 
twent>-eight years, the national Democratic party was success- 
ful and Grover Cleveland was elected President. 

As national chairman he showed himself to be a splendid 
political organizer. In his conduct of the campaign no niis- 
take.s were made, and he was entitled to much of the credit 
for the election of a comparatively luiknown local politician 
of New York against one of the most brilliant and popular 
statesmen .since the days of Henry Clay — James G. Blaine. 

I have always felt that Mr. Blaine owed his defeat to two 
causes — first, the far superior organization and conduct of Mr. 
Cleveland's campaign under direction of Mr. Gorm.\x; and, 
second, to the mistakes and mismanagement of Mr. Blaine's 
campaign. 

Senator Gorman soon succeeded to the leadership of his 
party in the Senate. There were others older in years and 
service, but the leadership seemed to naturally fall to him. 
He was the real leader in fact as well as in name, and con- 
tinued as such so long as he remained in the Senate. 

He was not a specially brilliant speaker, but he was a clear 
and forceful talker and an able and dangerous antagonist in 
debate. 



40 Miiiioria/ .Ir/drcsscs: .{rlliiir P. (^lorman 

His chaniiiiij,^ ])i;rs()nalit\-, his sna\-ity of maimer, his mag- 
netic influence over men with whom lie came in contact, 
combined with his marked ahihtv, made it easy for him to 
retain the difficnU position of a leader of one of the great 
parties in this body, .Some one said of him that his ?>mile 
was as winsome as ever wooed a vote out of a man's con- 
science. He enjoyed in the highe.st degree the respect and 
confidence of every Senator with whom he served on both 
sides of the Chamber. 

Many vSenators here very well remember the long and suc- 
cessful fight, echoed and reechoed in every journal of the 
United States, which Mr. Gorman led, and which resulted iu 
the defeat of the bill know^n as the "force bill." As much as 
Senators on this side regretted the defeat of that bill, we 
were all forced to admire Mr. Gokm.vx's generalship in 
defeating it. 

I had the pleasure of knowing Senator Ook.m.v.x intimately 
for more than twenty years, and what I .say of him I .saj- 
from m\' own personal accjuaintance and obser\-ation. He was 
a member of this body when I entered it in 1S83. He was 
among the first to take a deej) interest in the regulation of 
interstate commerce, and from the first to the last he favored 
the rigid regulation of railroads. 

The late Senators Piatt of Connecticut and Harris of Teii- 
nes.see, ex-Senator Miller of New York, Senator Gorm.\.\, and 
myself constituted the Select Committee on Interstate Com- 
merce which made a thorough in\-estigation of the subject in 
i.S,S6. vSenator (iOkm.vn took a prominent part in the inve.s- 
tigation and in the preparation of the original interstate- 
commerce act, pa.s.sed in 1887. We traveled over various parts 
of the cotintry, and held hearings in our larger cities. 

I will be jiardoned for relating a little incident that took 



Address of Mr. Cullom, of Illinois 41 

place when the committee was in Xew York, on a Sunday. 
It so liappened that there were three ex-Presidents of tlie 
United States in New York at that time — ex-Presidents Grant, 
Hayes, and Arthur — and we determined to call upon them 
before leaving the city. We called on President (Vrant first. 
It .seemed strange that Senator Gokji.\x had never actualh' 
met General Grant until then. I had the pleasure of intro- 
ducing them, and I remember very well that General Grant 
seemed ver\- much pleased to meet Senator GoRjr.^x, who had 
become a national figure, and manifested great interest in him. 

The greatest general of the age was then in a practically 
dying condition, although he was seated in a chair, .surrounded 
by his books and papers, trying to finish Iiis famous book in 
order to leave something to support his wife and family. The 
General knew that he could live but a short time, and, quite 
characteristically of him, he .seemed to take it calmly and philo- 
sophically. He said that his book was finished; that if he 
could live a little longer — until September, I think he said — 
he could perfect and improve it, but that he was ready to go 
at any time. He passed away in a little more than three 
weeks after we saw him. 

For a number of years Senator Gok.ai.\x was a member of 
the Committee on Appropriations. Senators on that commit- 
tee who served with him will agree that a more valuable and 
useful member that committee has never had. He was mas- 
ter of all the countless details of the expenditures of the 
Goverimient. 

Senator Gorm.-vx was a business man, and was thoroughly 
familiar with the tariff. Senators well remember the promi- 
nent part which he took in the discussion and passage of the 
bill known as the •'Wilson-Gorman bill." It left the Senate 
with nearly 700 amendments. He was not a believer in free 



42 Mc>i/(>riii/ . Ii/i/ri'ssr.\ : Arlhiir /'. (idriiniii 

track-, but lie ilid licliexe in a low tariff. The tariff is a ques- 
tion that not onl\' divides the two >jreat parties, Init has often 
caused divisions within both ])arties. There have been end- 
less di.scussions over the Wilson tariff act. Personally I have 
always believed that it was due to vSeuator CjORM.vn that a 
nuich more injurious act to the industries of the countr)- was 
not enacted. 

Mr. fiORjiAx'.s two leading characteristics were, first, his 
marked aliility as a leader; and second, his conservatism as a 
statesman and legislator. I desire, Mr. President, to enforce 
those two prominent facts in his character. First, he was a 
born leader; and second, he was a con.servative legislator and 
statesman. He was a Democrat, liut was a conservative one. 
He did not believe in radical measures. When a great par- 
ti.san question, such as the force bill, was before the Senate 
he stood loyall}- with his party, but he did not believe in 
dragging parti.sanship into questions generally coming before 
Congress. He looked at public questions from the standpoint 
of a careful, conservati\-e business man, and was generalh- 
against an\- meastires that in his judgment would disturb the 
business of the coinitry or endanger the stability of the Ciov- 
ernment. He was es.sentially a .safe and able legislator. 

.Senator Gokim.^n was a Democrat inider all circumstances 
and conditions. He remained true to his part>- and fought its 
battles, even though in later years it adopted ])rinciples with 
which he was not in sympathy. If he could not lead it, he fol- 
lowed it. He did not sjmpathi/.e with the free-silver doctrine, 
but on that account he did not abandon the parl>', but went 
down with it in defeat. The free-silver platform cost him 
his seat in the Senate, as the Republicans on that issue gained 
ascendency in Mar>land. 

Jf this was the greatest defeat of his life, his greatest 



Address of Mr. Ciillovi, of Illinois 43 

triumph was wlicii five years later lie carried the State and 
legislature and was unanimously and triumphantly returned 
to his seat in the Senate, where he was welcomed b}- his friends 
and colleagues of both jiarties, and in recoujnition of his supe- 
rior ([ualifications was again made the minority leader. 

Mr. Gorman has been sneered at by the reformers as being 
a politician. He was a politician, Mr. President. Had it not 
been for his ability as a politician he would not have been a 
meniljer uf this distinguished body. He was for \-ears one of 
the leading politicians of his party. But he was something 
more. His conduct during his long service in the Senate 
demonstrated that he was a statesman of no mean order. 
Every statesman is of necessity a politician, but every politician 
is not a statesman. The immortal Lincoln was one of the 
shrewdest politicians of his day, and that was one of the ele- 
ments of his strength. It added instead of detracting from his 
other great and noble qualities. It is no discredit to a man 
in jniblic life to be called a politician, because every successful 
man in public life is a politician. 

From the time that Mr. GORMANbecame prominent in national 
affairs until his death it was believed that he was ambitious to 
bec(jme President of the I'nited States. At one time he could 
have been the nominee of his party. Ambitions he certainly 
was, but whether it was the possible fear of defeat, as claimed b\- 
his enemies, or a disinclination to assume the responsibilities of 
the great office of President that seemed to make him hesitate 
rather than actualh' seek it, I do not know. My acquaintance 
with and observation of him lead me to the conclusion that, 
unlike most of our prominent statesmen of to-day, he did not 
care sufficientlj' for the office to actually .seek it. 

If he had retained his health, he would ha\-e retained all of 
his old influence with his i)arty, both in :uul out of the Senate, 



44 Miuiorial Addresses : Arthur P. (joriiiaii 

Imt in his life — he had Hved years where others had h\-ed 
months — his once vitjorons constitution became undermined, and 
in the language of a British statesman, pronouucing a eulogy 
over Prince Albert, "came the blind fury with the abhorred 
shears and slit the thin-spun life." 

Senator Gorman passed away, as I believe he would have 
wished, one of the most honored and respected members of this 
body, in whose service the younger sears of his life were spent. 



Address of Mr. Blac/chiirii, of Kiiitucky 45 



Address of Mr. Blaocburn, of KENTuaY 

Mr. President: After listening to the tributes that have 
been paid to the dead Senator from Marjland — that which has 
been pronounced in his own matchless fashion by his eloquent 
colleague, the senior Senator from that State, and the others, 
exceptionally elaborate and finished and just — it would seem 
that there was little, if indeed anything, to be said. But I can 
not gain my own consent to allow this occasion to pass without 
bearing my poor tribute to the memory of the dead Senator. 
My acquaintance with him was too long, mj' association with 
him too close, my estimate of him was too high, and my affec- 
tion for him too sincere for me to obser\-e silence. 

Sir, we may well pause at the grave and ponder on the life 
of a man who was big enough and strong enough to pla}- the 
part of a conceded leader of his fellows and leave an imperish- 
able impression upon the days and times in which he lived. 
It may be true, sir, and I doubt not as a rule it is true, that 
men are mainly in |X)int of their career the product of two 
forces — heredity and environment. I doubt not it is true tliat 
select where you maj' as a general rule there is little left in a 
man's career save the product of one or both of these forces. 
But occasionalh- we meet with a man who is taken out of that 
general rule, who is posses.sed of an inherent sturdiness of char- 
acter, of an ability, of a persistency, and of those intellectual 
and moral qualities that make him the e.vception to the rule. 

Such a man was Senator Gokm.\x. He was not the l)enefi- 
ciary either of heredity or of environment. He came from the 
bodj- of the great common jieople. with no illustrious lineage 
behind him, with neither fortune nor fame, nor surroundings 



46 M()ii(irial Addrrssrs : .Irllnir /'. (roruian 

that Wfi'c c()nspirii()iisl\- fdrtiinate. He beg^iii ^it tlie bottcjni; 
he (.-lulcd his Hfe at the to]), measured by any crucial standard 
tliat you may see fit to a]iply. His career was too long and it 
was too thoroughly crowded and sttulded with achievements of 
no ordinary character to permit of anything like a comjslete 
review on an occasion like this. 

I would not seek, friend as I was to him, I would not ask, 
nay, .sir, I would not have said of him to-day one single syllable 
of panegyric or unde.served eulogium. I would not measure 
out even to the dead, however close the\' may have been in 
life, aught except a fair, full measure of justice. 

His colleague, in that splendid bur.st of eloquence with 
which he paid his tribute to the dead .statesman, has told you 
that a man of po.sitive character as was Mr. Gorm.\i\, naturall\-, 
ine\-itably gathered about him hosts of friends, but with equal 
nece.s.sity created numberless opponents. It is to-day one pur- 
po.se, and only one purpose, that prompts me to .speak, and that 
is to prote.st against the inju.stice to which he was subjected 
on one memorable occasion in his life where he was made the 
v-ictim of unfair criticism, where, because of the conspicuous 
position that he held and the unquestioned power that he 
wielded, it was sought by others who deserved it more to fasten 
upon him responsibilities that were not his own. 

I refer to a memoralde occasion in the political historv of 
our country, fresh in the minds of many Senators who sit about 
me, when party representation in this Chamber was measured 
liy so narrow a majority that a .single vote was sufficient to tip 
the balance and determine the complexion of its legislation. 
When the tariff bill came from the house, the bill known as • 
the "Wilson bill," which was to supersede the McKinley 
measure, Mr. Gorm.\n' was indeed a potential factor in this 
Chamber. His action upon that occasion, hiscour.se in counec- 



Adcfj'css of Mr. Blackburn^ of Kciiltickv 47 

tioii with that important measure, have been made the occasion 
of tinfair censure and unmerited criticism. 

That bill, Mr. President, whilst it might have been, and by 
many was believed to be, a decided improvement upon the tax- 
ing mea.sure that it supplanted, failed, as is known of all men, 
to meet the expectations of the country or the reasonable 
demands made bj^ Mr. Gorm.\x's party. 

For that failure, and the failure is confessed and conceded, 
it was sought to fasten upon the Maryland Senator a decree of 
responsibility which did not honestly belong to him; and here, 
in order to vindicate the truth of history, I enter an earnest 
and solemn protest against that injustice surviving after he has 
gone. Other men of his party, then higher in .station and in 
power than he was, who sought to relieve themselves of criti- 
ci.sm by uiidertakin,g to fasten upon him a burden that did not 
belong to him, should answer at the bar of history instead of 
the dead Marylander. 

The records of this Congress show, the Congressional Record, 
in its imperishable pages, will bear out the declaration, that 
when summoned to testify as witne.s.ses upon this floor his cola- 
borers upon the Senate Connnittee on Finance, mo.st of them 
now dead, as is the Maryland Senator — \'oorhees, of Indiana, 
the chairman of that committee; Harris, of Tennessee; \"est, of 
Missouri; and Jones of Arkansas — bore willing witness to the 
fact that there never was a modification made in that measure, 
there never was a .step taken in its re\asion or remodeling, there 
never was an alteration proposed or carried into effect by the 
conference of this side of the Chamber tipon that tax bill which 
was not unhesitatingly approved and indorsed, pleaded for, and 
demanded by those higher in authority than Mr. CtORJI.\x or 
myself, who afterwards saw fit to denounce it and brand it with 
the brand of perfid_\-. 



48 .]fi)iior?a/ .h/i/rrssrs : Artliiir /'. (ioriiian 

I protest here, in justice to the dead, that the res]K)iisiljihties 
in that case did not l)elong to the man whose menior}' to-day 
we honor. He liore the unjust accusation patiently. That 
splendid serenit\' and ]K)ise which has been so happily described 
by his colleaj^ue did not desert liiin. That was one of the dis- 
tinguishing characteristics of the man. He was always .serene, 
always self-poised, and never taken by surprise. In the hour 
of his triumph and in the hour of his disa.sters and defeats he 
was always the same .self-containetl, the e\-en-poised, undis- 
turbed, unshaken man. 

But if I were to single out one period in his service, one point 
in all his career, that to my mind was the most creditable and 
most to be admired, it would be his identification with that 
important period of (jur countr_\-'s history to which allusion has 
been made b}- more than one of the Senators who have preceded 
me, to the part that Gorman bore in the force-bill fight on the 
floor of the Senate. 

In ortler to appreciate his conduct and liis bearing and meas- 
ure fairly the service that he rendered then, it is necessary for 
those who were not here at the time, as I was, to go back and 
acquaint them.selves with the conditions that confronted us. 
The pa.ssions of the war had not entirely subsided. The bit- 
terness of partisan feeling was running high indeed in these 
Chambers. The House of Representatives, without debate, 
had passed a bill which we of the South lielieved doomed that 
section to all the horrors of a revived car])etbag military gov- 
ernment. We honesth' believed that ever\' hope and ever\' 
a.spiration that that great .section of our country cherished was 
to be blighted, that the wheels of civilization were to be 
reversed, that we were to be turned back to a darker, a>-e, sir, 
to the darkest, period which ever marked the histors- of our 
countrv. 



Address of Mr. Blackhiirn^ of Koilitcky 49 

The House had passed the bill; tlie President had sent mes- 
sage after message urging the Senate to enact it; a clear 
majority of Senators upon this floor stood committed to its 
support whenever a final vote should he called for its passage. 
There was nothing left between the vSonth and absolute chaos 
and utter wreck and ruin except what appeared to I)e the 
helpless and hopeless minority of Democrats upon this side 
of the Chamber. Passed through the House, indorsed by a 
majority of Senators upon the floor, who only waited for an 
opjwrttuiitx to crystallize it into law, the President of the 
countr\- telling us in special messages that he with itching 
hand was holding his pen ready to affix his approval and his 
signatiu'e — that was the dark outlook which we confronted. 

Mr. GoKM.\x, to whom every Democrat turned as by in- 
stinct as the leader, if one there be left on earth who could 
save his party and his countr}-, .stood at the head of that pha- 
lanx (if undaunted, bra\e men interposing themselves for the 
protection of the South, Never while life lasts can I forget 
the incidents of that struggle. The days went by but slowl\ 
and the weeks dragged their weary length along, whilst with- 
out adjournment, night and day, that small band was on dut>' 
and its unswerx'ing, brave, devoted commander was on deck. 

I \'enture to assert that in all the tide of time >ou will 
.search in vain among the records of the Engli.sh-,speaking peo- 
ples of this world to find a parallel to the splendid generalship, 
the resources, the matchless courage, the luiquestioning devo- 
tion, and the lirilliant commandersliip that Gorii.vn manifested 
upon that occa.sion. A forlorn hope, of course, he led: battle- 
ments, impregnable, he could not scale, Init he accomplished 
his purijose. He saved the South, and in m\- judgment he 
.saved the North as well, when by a flank mo\'ement he side- 
tracked the force bill and liuried it in a grave to which it 
S. r)oc. 404. 59-2 4 



50 Memorial .{ddnssrs : Arthur P. (roru/aii 

should ha\-e l)eeii doomed upon its birth. The most splendid 
parliamentary battle of which history ojives us record was the 
one that was fought and the one that was won 1)\- the Maryland 
leader. 

Speaking in the light of a service in Congress not especially 
.short, I frankly avow and without hesitation declare that I 
have never come in contact with a man in public life since first 
1 entered the council chambers of my country who had in so 
great a degree all the properties and qualities that go to consti- 
tute a leader of men. I have never known either his superior 
or his e(-|ual. 

I do not care to say more, Mr. President, but I deem it proper, 
in order that ju.stice complete and full shall be done to him and 
his memory, to ask that I maj' insert in the Record of to-day's 
proceedings the resolution pas.sed unanimously by the caucus 
of the Democratic party of the Senate on the occasion of his 
death. 

The \'ice-Pre.sidknt. In the absence of objection, permis- 
.sion is granted. 

The resolution referred to is as follows: 

Tile Democratic Senators at tlieir first meeting in conference suljsequent 
to the death of their former honored and loved chairman, the late Senator 
GoRM.\N, obey their unaffected inipul.se in the expres.sion of their pro- 
found .sorrow for his loss to them as their personal friend and their .saga- 
cious, faithful political guide in their official relations. 

.\ faithful friend, a zealous and wise party leader, considerate and con- 
ciliatory and careful of the interests of all, he greatly endeared himself to 
his party a.s.sociates, bv whom his nicmory will ever be most fondly 
chcrisheil. 



Address oj Mr. Fryc\ of Maine 51 



Address of Mr. Frye, of Maine 

Mr. President: I shall pay my tribute to the nieniory of 
the late Senator Gorjian in a \'ery few words, but sincere. 

Duriii"- all the \-ears we were a.ssociatecl together in this 
Chamber we were close personal friends. All the while we had 
a continuing pair, under the terms of which either was to vote 
whenever he pleased, each confident that the other would pro- 
tect him whenever a political question was under considera- 
tion. It is not nece.s.sary for me to say that that confidence 
was never betrayed. I liad for him a warm affection and ardent 
admiration, and I am proud to believe that the affection was 
reciprocated. 

Prompted by that friend.ship I was interested in and observ- 
ant of Mr. Gorm.\n's remarkable public career. He was mo.st 
bitterly assailed as an un.scrupulous politician, ready at any time 
to avail him.self of any means to secure the ends he sought. I 
have failed, .sir, utterh' to find any justification whatever for 
that charge. He was a politician — adroit, alert, full of resource. 
Possibly he was a partisan. If he was, I admire and do not 
censure. I have little faith in a man connected with a political 
party, who reall>' and honestly believes in its principles, who is 
not ready at all times to defend and maintain them. 

That Mr. Gorjiax would avail him.self of every opportunity 
he honorably could to strengthen his party I have no doubt. I 
recall a .somewhat .spectacular illustration of that. I was present 
at the Republican ministerial meeting at the Fifth Avenue Hotel 
in New York when it was declared that the .strength of the 
Democratic party was rum, Romani.sm, and rebellion. Mr. 
GORM.\N was chairman of the Democratic national committee. 



52 Mi-iiiorial .lddrrss<'s : . Irthiir P. (idriiiinii 

lie saw that op])ortiuiit\- ; he ])r<)inptly a\'aile(l himself of it, 
and in a few hours thai wretclied dechiratioii was scattered 
broadcast all over this comitrj-. It was a most weighty contri- 
bution. Mr. Blaine was defeated, Mr. Cleveland elected, and 
Senator Gok.max did it. 

Mr. President, Senator (ioRMAX was a Democrat and an 
earnest one, and a thorough ])olitician, but when duty to his 
country demanded he gave to his country regardle.ss of his 
part)-. When the civil war broke out, he was a resident of the 
State of Mar}-land. In the face of party and of most powerful ■ 
social influences, he was a loyal and devoted friend to the cau.se 
of the T'nion, utterly regardless of the effect it might have 
upon his fortunes in tliat State. 

Mr. Gorman was the recognized leader on the Democratic 
side for many >ears. It was a jiosition of great jiower. I 
never _\-et heard an>- Republican Senator charge him with an 
exercise of that power unfair or dishonorable. 

Mr. GoKJi.AX was a thoroughly equipped business man. As 
such, his services here were of great value. When in liis judg- 
ment the best business interests of his country demanded, he 
left party or disreganled ])arty demands, as the records of this 
Chamber show. 

His private life was without rei>ro;ich. He had no vices, no 
liail habits. He was a man pure in thought and act. It was 
my good fortune to be an occasional vi.sitor at his home in 
Maryland. It was an iileal liome, with an ideal head. He was 
a tender, loyal, devoted hu.sband, and an affectionate, indulgent 
father. 

Mr. President, in Senator Gorman's death the Senate, his 
State, our country suffered a most serious loss, and that ideal 
home is desolate indeed. 



Address of Mr. OicrDiaii. of Xortli Carolina 53 



Address of Mr. Overman, of North Carolina 

Mr. Pkesidknt: Fi\-e times in tlie four shorl years in 
which I lia\-e been a meinher of tliis l)od\' we have lieeii called 
upon to paj- the last tribute to the memory of five of its most 
distiiifjuished members. .Six times in that short period the 
chillinsj- hand of death has cast a dark shadow over this Cham- 
ber and the pale hor.se has entered its portal whence its mvs- 
terious rider has borne the.se great men away on the long 
journey to the mysterious beyond, a journey which the humble 
and the great, the rich and the poor, all alike, .sooner or later 
must take. As they depart we are reminded that man's davs 
upon earth are but "few and full of trouble," and that his 
glory is, like the flower of the field, .soon to fade and wither. 

While others who were long associated with him and who 
Were more intimate with him have recounted his virtues, have 
reviewed the splendid career of Senator Gor.m.\n, who.se 
departure we .so grievously lament, I, as one of the \ounger 
Senators, ari.se simply to drop a tear, to add one flower to the 
chaplet, and to give expres.sion of my sorrow at his sad tak- 
ing off. 

Mr. President, four years ago on the 4th of March next I 
entered this Chamber to take the oath of office and enter upon 
the discharge of my duties as a Senator of the United States. 
Mr. GoRMAX, having been an honored Member for some 
eighteen years, had been retired. Ftnir \-ears later he was 
returning again in great triumph, again to take on the Sena- 
torial toga, and to be the leader of his great party upon the 
floor. He was sworn in on that .same da\-. This was the first 
time I had ever met and become ])er.>onally acquainted with 



54 Moiiorial .Iddicsses : Artliiir P. (roriiiaii 

him, and I shall iie\-cr forgL-t the warm, cordial grasp of the 
hand and the identic courtesv with which he welcomed me, the 
care with which he instructed me in the mysteries of the Sen- 
ate, and his words of advice. He seemed to take a kindly 
interest in me at once and endeavored to make me feel that I 
was to be no stranj^er here, 

I attended his funeral and followed his remains to their last 
resting place in the beautiful Oak Hill Cemetery, in this 
city. I was deeply impressed, as I think everyone present 
was, with the simplicity of the funeral. There was no lying 
in state, no cavalcade, no jiarade, no gathering of the great 
officers of the Government, no show; only the simple cere- 
mony held in the parlor of his comfortable but unostentatious 
home in this city, his .stately coffin surrounded by his bereaved 
and devoted family and a few of his most intimate friends. A 
short prayer was offered, a short yet beautiful and touching 
address by the mini.ster, and it was all over. All of this was 
at his request, and shows this man's most charming character- 
istic, that of modesty, which marked him through life and 
which usualh- marks the great man. 

Others have spoken of the great ability which so distin- 
guished his public career. But looking back over these three 
years from 1903 to June, 1906, when he died, in this sad 
hour, as we pay loving tribute to his memory, I would recall 
not only his modest demeanor, but his kind and gentle .spirit, 
his always ready and resywiLsive sympathy, his freedom from 
bigotry, his evenness of temper, his forbearance, his charity, 
his uniform courtesy in conversation and in debate; these 
were .some of the chief characteristics which made men love 
him, and the.se, with his great mind, made him not only a leader 
of the people, but a leader in every legislative body of which 
he was a member. Senator Gorman made his impress ujjon 



Address of Mr. Overman, of North Carolina 55 

the whole country, and his death was lamented not only !))• 
the Members of this body, but by the people throughout this 
broad laud of ours. His seat here will not be easily filled. 
He was no ordinary man. 

He began his life work at the age of 13 as a page in this 
body, having been appointed by Stephen A. Douglas in 1852, 
in \\hich position he served for twelve j-ears, acting during 
that time as secretary to Mr. Douglas and as postmaster of the 
Senate. It was during these 5-ears that the fires of ambition 
were lighted and began to burn in his 3'oung heart. His asso- 
ciations with great men inspired him to be great also, and he 
often dreamed of the time when he .should represent his State 
in this great body and take the place of .some of the great men 
whom he so faithfull\- served in his yotnig manhood. 

In 1866 he returned to his State to fill the important position 
of collector of internal revenue. His rise was rapid. He soon 
became a leader, filling many important positions in his native 
State. He was first a director and afterwards president of the 
Chesapeake and Ohio Canal Company. For six years he was 
a member of the hou.se of delegates, two years of which he 
served as speaker of that body. For six years also he was a 
member of the State senate, until in 1S81 he was elected to 
the United States Senate. Here his ri.se was rapid also. It 
was but a short time initil he was regarded as one of the 
leaders of his party, and his advice was sought in everj' great 
movement for his party's success. 

He was a master parliamentarian, and it was greatly through 
his skill and tactics that a minority was able to defeat in the 
Senate legislation hostile to his section. In 1889 he was made 
the leader of his party upon the floor of the Senate, leading 
them through maiiv a storm to victory. But perhaps his 
greatest triumph, and one for which his party and the South 



56 McDiorial Addresses : .Irtlnir I'. CoDiian 

owe him a lasting del)t of gratitude, and one wliich she will 
never forget, was his magnificent leadership and the imhle 
fight he made against the election hill. Under his leadership 
and directed by his skill the minority achieved a glorious 
victory and succeeded in defeating thai bill, which even its 
friends now admit was not only unwise, but which would have 
proved disastrous to the South and perhaps caused a race war 
and bloodshed. 

While Senator CrOKMAX was gentle and kind in his nature, 
Mr. President, yet he was as courageous as a lion and deter- 
mined whenever the occasion required. In the exciting da3-s 
following the election of Grover Cleveland to the Presidency, 
when the result for days seemed in doubt and the leaders of 
the opposite party were making claims of \-ictory. Senator 
(kjK.MAX was at the Democratic headquarters. He was on the 
watchtower da>' and night guarding his party's interests and 
infusing courage and determination in its leaders. He knew 
Mr. Cleveland was elected and was deternnned that the expe- 
rience of 1876 should not be repeated; that the man elected 
by the people .should be inaugurated their President. 

In the last Presidential campaign he was again asked to lead 
his part\-, but on account of his failing health he was compelled 
to decline. Thus for 'a quarter of a centur>' his advice and 
counsel were .sought by the leaders of his party in the nation, 
while here his associates found him a wise, safe, and .sympa- 
thetic counsellor. 

The most .striking illustration of his influence and the e.steem 
in whiili he was held by his party associates on this floor is the 
f.ict that, ha\-ing been retired for six years, upt)n his election 
in 190,1 he was unanimously restored to his old leadership; 
and I doubt if the annals of the Senate will show a superior in 
parliamentary tactics. He was alwaxs in his seat, e\er watch- 



Address of Mr. Oz'crmau^ of Xortlt Carolina 57 

fill of liis part>"'s as well as his country's interests, helpful and 
influential in shaping legislation and policies, sound in judg- 
ment, quick of perception, well informed upon all great ques- 
tions affecting the Government. He was not onl\- respected 
and followed b\- his party associates, Init he always conunanded 
the admiration of his opponents. 

His voice is forever still : his labors and sorrows are over ; 
hut the memory of his good deeds and his public career will 
live in history. W'e indulge the hope that when the call came 
to pass over the dark river he was prepared to meet his Pilot 
face to face. 

Suiisel aii<l evening .star, 

.\n(l <ine clear call for ine ! 
And may there he no moaning of the har 

When I put out to sea. 

TwiHght and evening hell, 

And after that the <lark ! 
.\\\y\ may there lie no .sadness of farewell 

When I enihark. 

Kor tho' from out our hourne of time and place. 

The flood may hear me far, 
I hope to see my Pilot face to face 

When I liave crost the bar. 



58 Memorial Addresses: Arllui)- I', (ioniiuii 



Address of Mr. Tillman, of South Carolina 

Mr. President; Other Senators have full)- covered the 
facts in the life of our lamented colleague and have given 
voice to their feelings and love and respect. Each man who 
has spoken .so eloquently in his praise has drawn a picture of 
his public characteri.stics and personal traits. I shall present 
another pha.se of his work and life. 

In m>- long .service with the. Senator from Maryland I was 
always impre.ssed with the completeness with which he illus- 
trated the famous Latin maxim " Suaviter in modo, fortiter in 
re." Gentle in manners, resolute in deed. He was especially 
courteous and friendly in his dealings with all men. He was 
warm-hearted to a fault and ever ready to do a favor or an act 
of kindness. At the same time he was a man of great force 
and strength of character, ready to fight with all of his might 
for an)' cau.se in which he enli.sted. He was especially quali- 
fied for leadership, because of the tact and .skill with which 
he carried out his plans. He was a diplomati.st of the ver)- 
highest type, but was always loyal to his convictions. In those 
qualities which make for good leadership — judgment and a 
knowledge of human nature — he was especially .strong and 
carried men along with him almost without their knowing it. 
I have never seen his superior as a party leader, and, though 
he made mistakes, as we all do, he was exceptionally free from 
the weakness which characterizes some men of blaming others 
for the blunders made. 

In the history of the politics of his time he will always 
occupy a prominent place, and few men who have filled the 
high position of Senator exerted a weightier influence on legis- 



Address of Mr. Tillman, of South Carolina 59 

latioii than did Senator Gorman. His greatest service, cer- 
tainly one of the greatest achievements of his career, of which 
mention lias been already made, was the defeat of the force 
bill: that bitter partisan measure which would have postponed 
for \ears, if it had not absolutely destroyed, all chance for the 
happy condition and relation toward each other of the two sec- 
tions of our great country which now exists. Had that bill 
passed, sectional hatred would have flamed up into intensity as 
great or greater than existed at the close of the civil war. and 
strife and bloodshed would have followed on a scale which can 
only be conjectured. Its strongest advocates are now content 
to acknowledge that it was a great mistake to have undertaken 
to pass such a law. In proportion as this feeling of satisfaction 
shall grow Senator Gorman's services will stand out in hold 
relief and more and more entitle him to the admiration and 
respect of posterity for his great work in that great crisis. 

There is another incident of his career that had as much or 
more than any other act of his life to do with making him, for 
the time being, unpopular with the inithinking masses and 
causing him to become the object of most bitter and vindictive 
criticism. I mean the charge, which, though not made in 
direct words, was unmistakably aimed at him, of being guilty 
of "party perfid}- and party di.shonor" in regard to the Wilson- 
Gorman tariff bill. It happens that I can bear personal testi- 
mony as to one of the most talked-of incidents in connection 
with that matter, and in discussing his career and contributing 
in ever so slight a way to a proper understanding of Senator 
Gorman's public work and statesmanship, I would feel recreant 
if I omitted to throw such light on this transaction as is in my 
power to do, and join the Senator from Kentucky [Mr. Black- 
burn] in protest against injustice to Senator Gorman's memory. 

In October, 1892, I visited New York on business and 



6o Memorial .hhirisscs : Artliur /'. CJoniiriu 

remained in the city a week or more. I was at that time 
governor of South Carolina. Naturally I felt a most keen 
interest in the result of the approaching Presidential election. 
I visited the Democratic headquarters and had opportuiuty to 
talk with some of the leading men connected with the conduct 
of the Democratic campaign. There was intense interest and 
feeling, in view of the well-known attitude of President Harri- 
son on the force bill. I lived in a State where the negroes 
were in the majority' and wdiere we had suffered from negro 
domination. vSo I felt the deepest concern for the success of 
the Democratic party, feeling that the election of a Republican 
President at that juncture, who favored the force bill, would be 
nothing short of a national calamity. I found there was great 
acti\-ity at headquarters, and frantic appeals were l)eing made 
for campaign funds to strengthen the part}' in .several doubtful 
State.s as well as in certain specified localities in New York 
State. 

In the Southern .States then — and, in a large measure, it is 
still true .so far as that .section is concerned — nione\" exerted 
ver\' little influence in elections ; but realizing that things were 
different in the North, after talking with those who had charge 
(if financing the campaign, I took immediate steps to have the 
chairman of the Democratic State committee of South Carolina 
exert himself to the utmost to obtain as much money as 
possible and forward it to Democratic headquarters. In the 
conversations which I had with the Democratic leaders it was 
clearly brought out that the sugar refiners were ready to con- 
tribute to the Democratic campaign fund if it could be under- 
stood that the industry would be fo.stered and not destroyed by 
the Democratic tariff policy, and I received the impre.ssion, 
which became indelilily fixed on my mind then and remains 
fixed to this dav, that President Cle\-eland understood the 



Address ofMr. 'rUliitan^ of Soiilli Carolina 6i 

situation and was willing to acquiesce in it if we won at the 
polls. I did not talk with Mr. Cleveland in person on this 
subject, though I called at his hotel to pay my respects, and I 
am thoroughly satisfied that the charge of ' ' party perfidy and 
party dishonor" in the famous Wilson letter was an act of 
grosse.st wrong and cruelty to Senator Gorman. If Mr. Cleve- 
land, as I was told, knew of these negotiations and was the 
beneficiary of such a contribution, it is inconceivable how he 
could lend his great name and influence toward destroying 
Senator Gokm.\n's influence and popularity in the way he did. 
No wonder the Senator from Maryland, in the speech delivered 
in this body on July 23, 1894, made this indignant denial: 

As I have said, sir, this is a most extraordinarj- proceeding for a Demo- 
crat, elected to the highest place in the Government, and fellow-Democrats 
in another high place, where they have the riglit to speak and legislate 
generally, to join with the commune in traducing the Senate of the United 
States, to blacken tlie character of Senators who are as honorable as tliex' 
are, who are as patriotic as they ever can be, who have done as much to 
serve their party as men who are now the beneficiaries of your labor and 
mine, to taunt and jeer at us before the country as the advocates of trusts 
and as guilty of dishonor and perfidv. 

When it is remembered that the placing of a dutj' on sugar 

under the Wilson-Gorman tariff as a substitute for the bounty 

system of the McKinle\- tariflf was made nece.ssar\- in order to 

get the votes of the two Louisiana Senators, it was easy to .see 

that we either had to have no tariff legislation that session or 

the pledges made before the election had to be carried out. 

GoRM.\N, honorable man as he was, and party leader in the 

Senate of the Democrats, redeemed every pledge made b\- the 

party leaders in New York. There was something pathetic in 

the indignant words with which he met the charge of "party 

perfidy and party dishonor," which had been so unjustly hurled 

at him by President Cleveland. I quote from the same speech 

of July 23, 1894: 

The junior Senator from New Jersey [Mr. Smith], the junior Senator 
from Ohio [Mr. Brice], and myself were then giving our time and our 



62 Memorial Addresses: Arlliiir P. (Gorman 

money and everything that men can give for the success of the i)artv. We 
conferred with all those distinguished gentlemen. We were not at the 
conference with the candidate, but had from both sides what had occurred. 
They wanted to know if the Democratic organization, of which we were a 
part, put the same construction upon it and would be in favor of that line 
of procedure thereafter. They said to us frankly, "We want to tell our 
people the truth. We do not want to press you to give a single fraction 
of a cent to Louisiana, but we only want to know the truth." At that 
solemn conclave we all .said, "Yes, it is a dutiable article; it is to be and 
must be the corner stone by which we will o\erthrow McKinleyism; you 
shall have it." 

Mr. President, 1 would have given anything in reason for the interest 
of my people whom I represent if I could have had free sugar all along 
the line. I could not have it without violating the rule that I have made 
for my.self, not to-day, but from the beginning of my career, for a fair 
revenue duty on all dutiable articles. 

Hut above all, sir, in all my public career, no man, no living being, has 
ever charged me with j)erfidy. No soul can say that I ever made a prom- 
ise about public or private matters that I did not carry it out if I had the 
power to do it. These two Senators and myself, carrying out our pledge, 
ha\e stood here and been gibbeted as three men who were in a sugar trust. 
It is luinecessary to say no Senator on this floor with wuom I am asso- 
ciated would believe such a thing, but it is due to the man who writes the 
history that he .shall have the truth of the tran.saction. 

The effect of these unjti.st and perfidious attacks upon Sen- 
ator GoRM.\N was to gi\"e Maryland over to the Republican 
party for the time being and to send Gorm.\n into retirement; 
but with the indomitable will which always characterized him 
and a better understanding b)- the people of his State of the 
real facts in the case, after a period of retirement he was full)' 
vindicated and returned to the Senate as Maryland's represent- 
ati\c in this body. It is needless to .say what gratification this 
afforded his party associates; and I feel it was also a matter for 
congratulation among his political opponents, for aside from 
party loyalty, which nuist characterize in a way all of our deal- 
ings with each other here, the personal bond is l)y far the 
strongest one in this great body, and men are judged and exert 
influence in a far greater degree b\- rea.son of their personal 



Address of ^fr. Tilhiiait, of SontJi Carolina 63 

relations and characteristics than from any other cause. His 

departure from our midst has left a place vacant that few 

can fill; and those of us who had the privilege of knowing 

him intimately will always cherish the strongest feeling of 

admiration for the man as well as for the Senator. Always, 

Mr. President — 

* * * He bore without atiuse 
The grand old name of gentleman. 



64 Miiiiorial Addresses : Artlntr /\ GovDinii 



Address of Mr. Whyte, of Maryland 

Mr. PKE.siDi:xT: It is a custom honored iu the observance 
to pay a jnst tribute to a member of the Senate when he has 

walked the way of nature ' ' and gone hence to be seen no 
more. 

The colleagues of the late Senator Gorman have borne 
testimon\-, in no luicertain language, of the value of his public 
services in this body during his long tenure of the Senatorial 
office, and there is nothing left to be added to tlieir estimate of 
his worth. I recognize, however, my duty, as a Senator from 
Maryland, to .say a word on this .sad occasion. Silence would 
be luiju.st to the memory of the dead and false to m\- own 
sen.se of manhood. 

M}- first acquaintance with the late Senator occurred in the 
sunnner of 1871. He was then a young man 32 years of age, 
full of vigor and acuteness, after service as page and Post- 
ma.ster of the Senate, and with keen knowledge of public 
affairs, acquired in the office of collector of internal revenue 
in the fifth district of Maryland. I was a candidate for the 
office of governor of Maryland, and promptly discovered in 
him an astute political leader, and our friendly relations 
began at that period. 

He came to the house of delegates for the session of 1872, 
while I was governor, and was made its speaker. The duties 
of that positi(3n he discharged with signal ability, and what 
he had learned in the Senate, in the official position he held 
between 1862 and iS6g, rendered him able to discharge the 
functions of the speakership without embarrassment. 

After the .ses.sion of the legislature he was made president of 



Address of Mr. Uliyh\ of Afarylniid 65 

the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal Company, in w hioh the Slate 
had large interests, and for which position I rendered him all 
the aid in my jiower. 

Abont the year 1S79, owing purely to political differences, 
the association in party affairs which had previously existed 
between us was severed, and our paths in party conferences 
thereafter ran in different directions; but I can with .satisfaction 
say at this day that our personal relations were not suspended 
up to the hour of his decease. On the contrary, whenever we 
met it was in the social and cordial way of former da3's. His 
private life was most exemplary, and his devotion to his home 
and his family won the admiration of his thou.sands of friends 
in his native State. 

May he rest in peace! 
■ And now, Mr. Pre.sideut, as a further mark of respect, I a.sk 
that the resolution I send to the de.sk be adopted by the Senate. 

Tlie \'ice-President. The resolution submitted by the 
junior .Senator from Maryland will be read. 

The .Secretary read the resolution, as follows: 

Jii'so/red, That as a further mark of re.sjiect to the memory of the 
deceased, the Senate do now adjourn. 

The re.soluti(jn was unanimously agreed to; and (at 5 o'clock 

and 7 miiHites p. m. ) the .Senate adjourned until to-morrow, 

.Saturday, Februar\' 2, 1907, at 12 o'clock meridian, 

S. Doc. 404, 59-2 5 



PROCEEDINGS IN THE HOUSE 

Monday, /tine /, it^o6. 
A message froin the .Senate, by Mr. Parkinson, its reading 
clerk, announced that the Senate had passed the following 
resolutions: 

/\'c\si>/;ri/, Tliat the Senate has lieard with protDuixl sorrow of the 
death of Hon. .\RTinK I'rK (iORM.\x, late a Senat<ir from the State of 
Maryland. 

Resolved, That a committee of seventeen Senators be appointed by the 
Vice-President to take order for .superintending the funeral of Mr. GoR- 
.M.\N, which will take place at his late residence Thursdav, June 7, at Ti 
o'clock, and that the Senate will attend the .same. 

Resolved, That as a further mark of respect his remains be removed 
from his late home to the place of interment, in Oak Hill Cemeterv, 
in charije of the Sergeant-at-.\rms, attended by the committee, who shall 
have full power to carry these resolutions into effect : and that the neces- 
sary expenses in connection therewith be paid out of the contingent fund 
of the Senate. 

Resolved, That the Secretary connuunicate a copy of these resolutions 
to the House of Representatives. 

Resol:-ed, That as a further mark of respect to the memory of the 
decea.sed the Senate do now adjourn. 

And that in compliance with, the foregoing the \'ice-Presi- 
deiit had appointed as said committee Mr. Rayner, Mr. Alli- 
son, Mr. Morgan, .Mr. Hale, Mr. Aldrich, Mr. Teller, Mr. 
Callinger, Mr. Klkins. Mr. Martin, Mr. Tillman. Mr. Clay, 
Mr. Spooner, Mr. Kean, Mr. P.ailey, Mr. Blackburn, Afr. Clark 
of Montana, and .Mr. Overman. 

Mr. T.^LBOTT. .Mr. Speaker, I offer the following resolu- 
tions: 

The Clerk read as follows : 

J^esulvi'd, That the House has heard with profound sorrow of the 
death of the Hon. .\RTHfR PuE Gokm.\n, a Senator of the United States 
from the State of Maryland. 
66 



Proceedings in tlie House 67 

Resolztd. That the Clerk coinniuiiicate these resolutions to the Senate 
and transmit a copy thereof to the family of the deceased Senator. 

Rfsolvet/. That a committee of seventeen Members be appointed on the 
part of the House to join the committee ap]X)inted on the part of the 
Senate to attend the funeral. 

The vSpeakek. The question is on aijreeing to the re.solii- 
tions. 

The question was taken ; and the resohitions were unani- 
mously agreed to. 

The Speaker. The Chair announces the appointment of the 
followini; committee. 

The Clerk read as follows : 

Mr. J. Hred C. Talbott, Mr. John Gill, jr. , Mr. Thomas A. Smith of 
Maryland, Jlr. Sydney E. Mudd, Mr. Frank C. Wachter, Mr. Georj^e A. 
Pearre, Mr. John S. Williams, Mr. Leonidas F. Livingston, Mr. Thomas 
B. Davis of West Virginia, Mr. Samuel M. Robertson, Mr. John A. Moon 
of Tennessee, Mr. John H. Stephens of Texas, Mr. C. L. Bartlett, Mr. 
J. W. Babcock, Mr. Theodore E. Burton of Ohio, Mr. James M. Griggs, 
and Mr. John F. Rixey. 

Mr. Talbott. Mr. Speaker, I offer the following re,solution. 

The Clerk read as follows: 

Resolved, That as a further mark of respect, the House do now adjourn. 

The motion was agreed to. 

Accordingly (at 2 o'clock and 28 minutes p. m. i the Hou.se 
adjourned. 

Tuesday, January S. igoy. 

Mr. Talbott. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous con.sent for 
the present consideration of the order which I send to the desk. 

The Cleik read as follows: 

Onfend, That the session of Saturday, February 2, 1907, at 2 o'clock 
p. ni.. shall be set apart for memorial addresses on the life, character, and 
public services of H<ni. Arthur P. Gorman, late a United States Senator 
from the State of Maryland. 

The SpEakePv. Is there objection? [After a pause.] The 
Chair hears none. 



68 McDiorial .Iddresscs : Arthur /'. (,(irii/aii 

Saturday, February 2. i<^oy. 

The House met at 12 o'clock 111. 

Prayer by the Chaplain, Rev. Henry X. Couden, as follows: 

Infinite and eternal spirit, God, our heavenly Father, in 
whom we live and move and have our being, we thank 
Thee for everj^ aspiration, for every earnest and noble en- 
deavor which leads on to larger life and civilization, and for 
that profound appreciation which enables us to recognize the 
nobility of soul and real worth in our fellow-men. We 
thank Thee for the special order which sets apart this day 
as a memorial service to one who became consjiicuous as a 
.statesman, who by earnest and faithful endeavor rose from 
the humble position of a page on the floor of the United 
States Senate to a member of that august body, and who b\- 
common consent became the leader of his part\', than which 
no greater encomium could l)e pronounced, no grander moim- 
ment reared to his memory. Grant that his character max- 
ever loe an inspiration to noble and pure living to those who 
survive him and to those who shall come after us. and thine 
be the glory forever. And now, Almighty Father, we are 
again moved by the news of the death of one of our Con- 
gressional family. Comfort, we beseech Thee, tho.se who are 
bereft of a dear one, and help us all to live .so that when our 
lime shall come we shall pass on and hear the word, "Well 
done, good and faithful servant, enter into the joys of thy 
Lord." Throtigh Jesus Christ. Amen. 

The ,Spe.\kek. The hour of 2 o'clock having arrived, in 
pursuance of the order of the House the Chair recognizes the 
gentleman from Maryland [Mr. Talliott]. 

Mr. T.ALBOTT. Mr. vSi)eaker, I offer the following resolu- 
tion. 



Proceedings in tlic House 69 

The Speaker. The geiitleinau from Maryland [Mr. Tal- 

bott] offers a resohitioii. which the Clerk will report. 

The Clerk read as follows : 

Resolved, That the bu.siness of the House be now suspended that 
opportunity may be given for tributes to the memory of Hon. .\rthur 
Pi'E GoRMAX, late a United States Senator from the State of Maryland. 

The Speaker. The (|nestioii is on agreeing to the resolu- 
tion. 

The question was taken; and the re.solution was agreed to. 



MEMORIAL ADDRESSES 



Address of Mr. Talbott, of Maryland 

Mr. Si'KAKER : Senator Arthur Puk ( jOK.max was Ijorn 
March ii. 1839. His father was of Irish descent and was a 
prominent merchant and contractor, with large influence in 
Democratic pohtics in Howard County, Maryland, where the 
late Senator was born. His mother, whose maiden name was 
Elizabeth Brown, was a descendant of one of the oldest and mo.st 
prominent families in Howard County, which occupied a con- 
spicuous place before and during the Revolutionary period. At 
the age of 13 Mr. Gor.m.-\.n was appointed a page in the United 
States Senate, I am informed upon the reconnnendation of the 
Hon. Stephen A. Douglas, who always manifested a decided in- 
terest in him. His was a public .school education, acquired in 
his native county, and while limited, Vjv the unaided power of 
his own personality he attained places of power and distinction. 
He was promoted from page to postmaster of the Senate, which 
po.sition he occupied until September i, 1866. at v\-hich time he 
was removed because of activity in the cause of President John- 
son during his noted impeachment trial. Immediateh- after his 
removal as postmaster of the Senate President Johnson ap- 
pointed him collector of internal revenue for the fifth di,strict of 
Maryland. Thisoffice Mr. Gorm.\n filled until after the inaugu- 
ration of President Grant, in 1869. In that year he was elected 
a member of the house of delegates of Maryland, was reelected 



72 Afniioriirl .Idih'csscs : Arthur P. G(>r»iaii 

in 1S71, and at the session iif i<S72 was elected speaker of the 
house. In June, 1872, he was elected president of the Chesa- 
peake aud Ohio Canal Company, and in 1875 was elected to the 
State senate from Howard County ; was elected in January, 
1880, to the United States Senate, reelected in 1886 and 1892, 
and was again chosen Senator in 1902. It will thus be seen that 
promotion followed fast throughout his entire life — from page 
to postmaster, from member to speaker of the Maryland house 
of delegates, from vState Senator to United States Senator. 

This rapid promotion was because of his extraordinary ability 
being recognized by those with whom he came in contact in the 
many positions he occupied. I remember that ver}- shortly after 
Senator Gorman began his first term in the Senate, the Hon. 
James B. Beck, of Kentucky, inquired of me where we found 
our junior .Senator. I replied: 

We did nut find liini; 1il' mack' himself known, and the people made 
him Senator. 

vSenator 15eck then said: 

The legislature of Maryland may have made mi.stakes in former times 
when they elected Senators, but this time made no mistake. 

At that time ,Senator Beck was chairman of the Democratic 
caucus. This, from such a .source, was prai.se indeed, and 
showed that Mr. GoRiiAX had already made an impression 
on the Senate — an impres.sion that grew by steps until he 
became the undisputed leader of his party and one of the great- 
est parliamentarians our Government has known. The Hon. 
James G. Blaine, in his magnificent eulogy on President Gar- 
field, delivered from the .Speaker's chair February 27, 1882, 
said : 

The three most distinguished parliamentarj- leaders hitherto developed 
in this country are Mr. Clay, Mr. Douglas, and Mr. Thaddeus .Stevens. 
Thcv were all men of consummate ability, of great earnestness, of inten.se 
personality, differing widely each from the others and yet with a single 
trait in common — the power to command. 



Address of Mr. Ta/hotfy of .}fary/a)id 73 

He said it would be difficult to rank with these a fourth 
name in all of our Congressional history. To this most dis- 
tinguished group I would add Senator Arthur Pue Gormax. 

Mr. Gorm.\n's greate.st claim to be added to that list rests 
upon his masterful fight as party leader in the Senate against 
the Republican attempt to enact the so-called "force bill." 
The bill was in charge of the late Senator Hoar, of Massa- 
chusetts, a strong debater and accomplished parliamentarian. 
The vote to take up the bill for consideration on December 3, 
1S90, was — yeas 41, naj's 30. The conte.st was continuous 
from that date until the 22d of January, 1S91, when the bill 
was displaced on the motion of vSenator Wolcott, of Colorado, 
that the Senate proceed to the consideration of the bill making 
an apportionment of Representatives in Congress among the 
several States under the Eleventh Census, the vote upon which 
motion was — yeas 35, naj-s 34. During the .seven weeks' con- 
sideration of the bill, Mr. Gok.m.\x occupied the floor for a 
considerable time himself, was the recognized leader of the 
minority, and managed the parliamentary features of the de- 
bate. During the contest and discission of the proposed legis- 
lation the people of the country came to realize that it was not 
wise legi.slation and not in the interest of the entire country, 
and .six able Republican vSenators became likewi.se impressed. 
The adoption of the force bill would have called a halt on the 
prosperity of the South, the section of the country against 
which it was specially aimed, and would have re'egated it 
again to the sort of government it suffered in the days of re- 
construction; in fact, no man can tell how di.sastrous its adop- 
tion would have been to the whole country. Its defeat gave 
the South renewed courage and confidence in the future. Mil- 
lions of dollars traveled that way from all sections to be in- 
vested, new railroads were built, old lines e.xtended, cotton 



74 yfniwrial Addresses : Artliiir /'. (iori)iaii 

mills were erected, steel ])lants sprang iip> '" f^iL't, the develop- 
ment of the various interests of the vSouth has been so rapid 
that the railroad lines now in operation in that section are 
unequal to transporting its cotton, steel, and various products, 
and tjeneral prosperit\- reigns. 

The deceased Senator is entitled to the gratitude of every 
patriotic citizen, and especially of the people of the South- 
land. If he had rendered us no other ptiblic service, this of 
it.self ought to be sufficient to entitle him to the gratitude of 
the entire American people. This feeling in his own State 
was so great that when the Democratic State convention met 
in 1S91 Mr. Gokm.vx was unanimously named as the candi- 
date of his party for the Senate, a thing without precedent 
in the jiolitics of Mar>-land, and in further recognition of his 
great services he was jjresented a handsome silver .ser\'ice, 
paid for b}- his admirers in the State. 

Mr. GoK.M.vx was an ideal husband and fatlier, and no man 
in public life cnjoye<l home surroundings more thoroughlv 
than he, more especialh- when he could lea\'e Washington 
and return to his country home in Howard Countv, where 
he would enjoy farm life and his famil_\- without the constant 
interruptions of vi.sitors and callers on all kinds of public 
and priwate business. He often remarked that this country 
life, surrounded b\- his famil_\-, was the greatest relief to 
him — more relief than could be well imagined by one in pri- 
vate life. The Senator was charitable in every sense of the 
word, and never was known to refuse to contribute to the 
relief of those in want and trouble. He took .special care 
to see that the families of his tried and true friends were 
properly taken care of, and assi.sted in the way calculated 
to do the most good. I think, Mr. .Speaker, that the lan- 
guage used by Mr. Gokm.v.x in his eulogy on Senator Hoar, 



Address of Mr. Talhoit, of Maryland 



t:s 



of Massachusetts, could be properly applied at this time to 
himself : 

He was a man of pure and stainless life; he could feel for the victims 
of temptation. Mixed in his own creed, lie was ever ready to recognize 
the sincerity of those who preached a different faith. 

Mr. GoKM.vx labored most intelligently and constantly, and 
mastered every question and its details with which he had to 
deal. Without ever having studied law he could jnit the 
proper con.struction on a legislative or Congressional enactment. 
He thoroughly understood and could with great force di.scuss 
all public questions. He was prophetic on at least one impor- 
tant question. He was tlie first ]ntblic man to my knowledge 
who declared publicly that the question of transportation and 
the control of railroad corporations would have to be dealt 
with by Congress. 

He was ever grateful to the people of his native State wlio 
had so frequently honored him, and was largely instrumental 
in securing for them great and needed improvements. 

As Senator, in addition to looking after the material inter- 
ests of the State and city of Baltimore, he was not unmindful of 
the claims of private citizens and gave prompt attention to all 
matters to which they called his attention. Senator Gorjiax 
had enemies — all public men have had them in the pa.st, and all 
public men will have them in the future — but the compen.sation 
in his case was, he had hosts of warm, true friends, alwa,\'s 
ready and willing to a.ssist him in his battles, who now confess 
their great loss and pay tribute to his memory and rejoice in 
the life he lived .so well, so u.sefuUy, and so honorably. He was 
extremely courteous in manner and one of the most attractive 
men it has ever been my fortune to know, accessible at all times 
to the humble citizen as well as to the citizen of wealth and 
prominence. All who came in contact with him became at 



76 Mrmnrial .Idrlrcsscs : Arthnr I'. (ior»iaii 

oncL- iiiiprL-ssed with the fact that he was a great deal more than 
the ordinary man. We all miss him and motu'n his loss, and 
will continue to do so while life lasts, especially those who were 
his almost daily companions and enjoyed his confidence and 
affection. 

The Speaker. The gentleman from Maryland [Mr. Talliott] 
will please take the chair. 

Mr. T.VLBOTT assumed the chair. 



Address of Mr. Cannon, of Illinois 77 



Address of Mr. Cannon, of Llinois 

Mr. Speaker: I have V)een asked to say a word touching 
the Hfe and ser\-ices of the late Arthur Pue Gor.man. 

The Master said 011 one occasion, when one who ought to 
have accompanied him ga\-e an excuse that his father was dead 
and he must needs go and burj' him. 'Let the dead bury the 
dead." And as the hfe of a generation on an average is inider 
40 years, this rule n:ust necessarily be obser\-ed. Otherwise 
the world would be one vast house of mourning and the race 
would not make progress. And yet, when those cross the river 
with whom we have associated, to the family and friends and 
associates of the deceased the cros.sing begets sorrow, mourning, 
and regret, and the practice grows of paying a tribute where it 
is deserved to those who have crossed over. 

I had many years of service in the House coincident to the 
service of Senator Gormax in the Senate. I became verj' well 
acquainted with him personally as well as in a legislative capac- 
ity. My service upon the House Committee on Appropriations 
and his service, among other committees of the Senate, upon 
the Senate Connnittee on Appropriations, brought me frequently 
in association with him. That was true toward the close of the 
session, when representing the Hou.se in conference, together 
with my colleagues, with Senator Gormax and his colleagues 
upon the conference connnittee representing the Senate, for the 
settlement of differences between the two bodies. In fact, I 
may say that my acquaintance began with him in con,sequence 
of work of that kind. I could bear cheerful testimony, if it 
were needed — I think the world knows it without my bearing 
such testimonv, however — that he brought to his work in a 



jS Miiiiorid! Addrrssrs: .Irtluir I'. (',<irnian 

remarkable degree sincerit\- of purpose and a desire for service 
to the i)eople of the ITnited States in his legislative capacit>'. 
He not onh- brought great intelligence, great culture, great 
knowledge, great integrity, but he also brought great industry. 
Legislative duties in both House and Senate are somewhat 
varied. 

There is a sentiment throughout the country to be conserved 
or created, and it is very important indeed from the party 
standpoint and from the standpoint of the best interests of the 
Republic that there should be a just and correct .sentiment, that 
is frequentl>- nurtured — sometimes I may say created — by the 
debates in the two bodies, publicity being given b\- the pre.ss. 
There the man who abounds in oratorj-, with fitting words to 
clothe the ideas that he may have, becomes valuable. But 
after all, with the new.sjiapers universal, I think the capacity 
to discu.ss public questions, as compared with the capacity to 
understand public bu.siness, and without displaj" or oratory 
con.sider it, where one is in condition to assist materially in its 
transaction, perhaps is a more valuable factor than the other 
factor uf creating public sentiment. I do not aim to minimize 
either of these factors. .Senator Gorman as a debater was 
strong and forceful and clear, but, in my judgment, his ability, 
his tact, his industry, and his knowledge in the conference 
room touching daily transactions in legislation were, to say the 
least of it, equal to his ability as a debater in the Senate of the 
United States. Sometimes it is fa.sliionable in the country, if 
we can not think of anything else to .say, to cartoon or to put a 
humorous little bit in the newspapers, if thej' need a stickful, 
sometimes a fling with or without malice, as it may be, at the 
Congress of the United States. We are not all Solomons in 
either the House or the Senate, nor are we all W'ebsters, nor 
are we all Gorman.s. 



Address of Mr. L aniioii, of Illinois 79 

But, measuring my words, after some length of service in 
the House of Representatives and in contact with the vSenate, 
I beheve those two great bodies, in their personnel, average 
the picked men of the Republic. I refer to this at this time 
because mo,st of the \-aluable service that a Senator or a Repre- 
sentative performs for the Republic is a service of which the 
world does not know. Frequently the average reader, being 
interested in other matters touching the acquiring of his daily 
bread and performing his dut}' as a private citizen, if he reads 
about it at all does not understand, or does not take the trouble 
to understand. It is not interesting. In other words, as the 
common expression is, "it will not read it.self. " In my judg- 
ment this great son of Maryland, who has crossed over, in his 
.splendid and magnificent service in the Senate of the United 
States is entitled to more credit for the things that never 
caught the public attention than he is for the magnificent 
.ser^'ice which commanded the public attention and the public 
approval. 

I said a moment ago that the average life of a generation 
is under forty years. An old epitaph in Cheltenham church- 
yard puts into the mouth of an infant who died at the age of 
three weeks the couplet — 

It i,s so soon that I am clone for, 
I wonder what I was begun for. 

And it seems that all of us at times feel like a.sking that 
question. But we are so situated that, while we do stay, such 
is the necessity for effort that we may live and be stibsisted, 
and care for those of the household and those who are to 
follow, and to pay our debt to civilization from the .standpoint 
of reputation and from the .standpoint of an honest desire to 
jierform our function and do our part, we are content to do 
the best we can; and when the end comes, in my judgment, 



8o Monorial Addresses: Arlluir /'. doni/ait 

Uial man is a ha])]i\' man who has been in ])nhlic life and who 
can say, "Well, it is nnw beliiml me, but in my day, to the 
liest of my ability, I c(intril)Ule(l to the progress of the Repub- 
lic and of civilization as I was given to .see the right." I 
beliexe Aktiuk PfK GoRM.'VN, as he crossed over, had the 
right to make that declaration. 



Address of Mr. Clarke of Missouri 8i 



Address of Mr. Clark, of Missouri 

Mr. Speaker; It is probablt that almost every Representa- 
tive and Senator who was never much in Washington prior to 
his election to Congress forms a somewhat definite opinion from 
afar as to the chief actors in this political and legislative scene; 
but after he has been here long enough lo observe and studj- 
them at short range he will be compelled by the unimpeach- 
able evidence of his own senses to modify his verdict in many 
cases, ahvaj^s to his surprise, sometimes with delight, and 
sometimes with regret. 

Public men may be divided roughly into three classed: Those_ 
equal to their reputations, tho.se bigger than their reputations, 
and those smaller than their reputations. 

Arthur Pue Gorsian at a distance, as described l.)y the 
voice of fame, was a pleasing, a conunanding figure. He grew 
on one from personal contact and close inspection. His hand- 
some presence, his winsome manners, his exquisite courtesy — 
which was ingrained, not put on and off as a garment — his 
thoughtful and unfailing kindness to newcomers, his unsur- 
pa.ssed tact, his rare equipoise, his wise counsel when sought 
by even the humblest Member, his splendid powers as a con- 
ver.sationalist, all tended to enhance the high e.stimate one had 
formed of him from the public press and from the Congres- 
sional Record. 

I want to interpolate at this point a matter suggested by the 
very fine speech of Speaker Camion. In the Christmas holi- 
days of 1899 the Southern Railroad gave the Gridiron Club an 
excursion to Charleston, .S. C. Going down and coming back 
they were the guests of the road ; in Charleston they were the 
S. Doc. 404. 59-2 6 



fS2 .\fiiiiorial . \(hh-fsses : Arthur I'. ( 'loniiaii 

guests (if the city ; aiui I never in iiis- life had a more enjoyable 
trip. The chilj invited .'senator Tilhnan, Senator Depew, and 
myself to go along and make speeches, though as a matter of 
fact several members of the club could have made better 
speeches than any of us. 

On that trip I propounded this query to the members of the 
club one night, and I did it becau.se our reputations here 
depend very largely on what the nevv.spapers say. I asked 
them how it was that you might take two men who on the 
whole were of about the .same abilities and same influence in 
this House and in the Senate and the>' were always exploiting 
one of them and never exploiting the other. I said that I had 
no reason to complain, because I thought I had had my full 
share of exploitation. At first they denied the proposition. 
They said it was not true. Then I gave them a few samples 
that had fallen inider my own observation : and at la.st they 
gave this answer; That they supposed it must be true : that 
one man's style of speaking was epigrannnatic or anecdotal; 
they could take an extract from that speech and make good 
reading news of it, while another man might make an equally 
good speech for the purpo.ses of legislation, Init it was one they 
could not treat that way. And they came to the conclusion 
that that is really the reason why some Members of the Hou.se 
and .some Senators always figure in the newspapers, while .some 
others of equal capacity and of equal influence .scarcely appear 
in them at all. 

Karly impressions are never effaced. M\' father was an 
enthusiast touching ])hrenology and jihysiognomy. He was an 
onniiverous reader, and among the periodicals in which he 
delighted and which he reconnneiided to me as mental pabulum 
in my youth was the Phrenological Journal, published by 
r'owler t'v: Wells. Mv fa\'orite teacher in the common schools 



Address of Mr. C/ark, of Missouri 83. 

was a professional phreiioloirist. With sncli early guiiles it 
was inevitable that I should all my days be a student of the 
human face divine. It is a most fascinating recreation. While 
I have long since abandoned the theory that one may deter- 
mine what is on the inside of a man's head by feeling the 
blimps on the outside, I still adhere to the belief that there is 
much in both phrenology and phy.sioguomy. God writes a 
man's character and capacity in his face. To some his hand- 
writing is perfectly legible ; to others it is an inscrutable 
mystery. Alexander Po])e uttered an important truth when 
he said : 

The proper study of mankinil is man. 

Some men are so ugly and inigainh* that it is a positive 
advantage to them as public .speakers by reason of the pleasur- 
able surprise which their eloquence or logic or learning excites 
in their hearers. Others are so prepo.ssessing that they have 
won the hearts of their audience before they have opened their 
mouths. To this latter category Senator Gorman undoubtedly 
belonged. For .some occult psychological reason we never or 
rarely speak of manly beauty. By connnon consent and inune- 
morial custom we use the word "beautiful" as descriptive of 
the females of our race. In the case of males we substitute 
the word " handsome." Senator Gorman was the hand.some.st 
man of his time. In my goings to and fro I liave seen only 
two as handsome — Gen. John Cabell Breckenridge, who was 
Vice-President and who in all probability would have been 
President of the Republic but for the war* between the States, 
and John Henry Xeville, my professor of Greek at Kentucky 
University, who divided all mankind into Greeks and barba- 
rians. To look upon the coiuitenance of any of this distin- 
guished trio was a feast for the eyes. 

With the dead there is no rivalrv; hence I can .sav the.se 



84 Mrniorial .Iddrrsses : Artlinr I', (juninui 

things without offfiist. Proof coiicUisi\-e of Senator (rOKSlAN's 
handsomeness is this: In \\'ashin.i;t()n there is a coniiiany whose 
chief business is the making of cuts to illustrate newspapers, 
magazines, periodicals, and books. For the purpose of adver- 
tising its work it always sends out cuts of the superb head and 
face of Senator Gorman. 

His cast of features was Greek — such as Phidias would have 
delij^hted to commemorate in marble and Apelles to reproduce 
on canvass. His intellect possessed all the subtlety of the 
Greek mind in the palmy days of the Athenian philo.sophers. 

Of moderns, he resembled Talleyrand rather than Napoleon. 
He was a diplomatist of the highe.st order — a most skillful man- 
ager of men — the most consummate parliamentary leader of his 
generation. Others excelled him in eloquence, in learning, in 
debating abilit>-, and in power of repartee, but in .strategy he 
overtopped them all. To him is peculiarly applicable the old 
Latin dictniii, "Snaviter in modo, fortiter, in re." To use an 
e.K]>ression homely but full of meaning, he "took things by the 
smooth handle. 

He rose to the leadership of the .Senate Democrats not by self- 
seeking, i)Ut by rea.son of his nniversalK' acknowledged fitness 
for that high and onerous position. 

His defeat of the L,odge "force bill" must ever be regarded 
as one of the most brilliant victories achieved by any minorit\- 
leader in the history of Congress. It so endeared him to the 
soutliern people that they Would have gladly made him Presi- 
dent, though they differed with him on more than one impor- 
tant matter of policy; and the chances are that he would have 
won that distinction, the ne i>1un ultra of human ambition, had 
he been en rapport witli the I.)emocrac>- of the West on the 
tariff and financial questions. It is generally believed that he 
threw awa\ the Presidency at Chicago in 1892 by refusing to 



Address of Mr. C/ari\ of Missouri 85 

permit his friends to make a fight for him. No adequate expla- 
nation of his refusal has ever been vouchsafed to us — perhaps 
never will be. 

Out.side the Senate his masterpiece was the successful man- 
agement of the Presidential campaign of 18X4. It was a most 
brilliant performance and entitles him to a place in the verj- 
front rank of American political leaders. There is little doubt 
that IkkI he been chairman of the national committee in 1888 
Grover Cleveland would have been reelected and the current of 
our history changed for years — it may be forever. Whether, 
on the whole, the history of our country for the last nineteen 
>'ears would be more pleasant to contemplate is a question 
about which men will differ and which I will not argue on this 
occasion; Ijnt surely it is not inapropos or in bad taste to say 
that had Cleveland been reelected in 1888 two momentous sub- 
.sequent events would not have happened — the passage of the 
McKinley tariff bill and the election of William McKinley to 
the Presidency — for it must be clear to the philosophical stu- 
dent of our hi.story that while the McKinley tariff law, assi.sted 
by a gerrymander of Ohio, eliminated McKinley from Con- 
gress, the same cau.ses made him governor twice and .sent him 
to the White House for two terms. It is altogether probable 
that McKinley was greatly ca.st down Ijy his defeat for Con- 
gress in 1890. If so,- when he delivered his optimistic .second 
inaugural address, March 4, 1901, if he gave any thought to 
that defeat, he nui.st have clearly realized the truth of the old 
saying that ".seeming calamities are .sometimes blessings in' 
di.sguise. 

First and last there has been mucli [ihilosophizing as to how 
freijuently in this world great events hinge upon small one.s — 
so small, in fact, as to appear trifles light as air. In one of 
the finest pas.sages in his delightful lectures on the "Four 



86 ^[nllorial Aiidrcssrs : .Irthnr /'. CorDiau 

Georges" — and there is no nobler ])rose in our vernacular — 
William Makepiece Thackeray tells how in 17 15 James Stuart 
failed to-^ain the Three Kingdoms because certain of his ad- 
herents who were to escalade Edinburgh Castle stopped to 
drink his health in a tavern in Ivdinburgh town and arrived 
two hours too late at the rendezvous under the castle walls. 

So it may be said that but for the Cleveland-Gorman feud 
Cleveland might have been reelected in 188S; Democratic 
policies might have been put in force; Cleveland would not 
have been reelected in 1S92. for Democrats are unalterabl\' 
opposed to a third term for any man; and if Democratic poli- 
cies had proved acceptable, we would have conducted the 
affairs of the Republic for many years. Who was to blame 
for the quarrel betwixt those two conspicuous men, so inilike 
in mind, method, training, and careers, I am not trying to 
settle now — it would be out of place; but I most heartilx' 
commend it to the historian of our times as the turning point 
in our politics ever since and perhaps for decades yet to come. 
I hope, however, that I may be pardoned this conunent — that 
to think of what has been and then what might have been is 
enough to make a Democrat sick at heart. 

Mr. Gorman was a protege of Stephen A. Douglas and 
took his first political le.s.sons out of the book of that remark- 
able man. It is strictly within the bounds of truth to ,sa\- that 
the pupil was worthy of the master. Both led their party in 
the Senate in stirring times, and each narrowl\' missed the 
highest political honor when it seemed almost within his 
grasp. 

If Senator Gorman ever experienced any disappointment 
or felt any bitterne.ss l)ecause of his failure to reach the Presi- 
denc\', he gave no .sign, but went on serenely, courteously, 
and with digiiitx' initil the fin.al snnunons came. 



Address of Mr. Siiii/h, of Maryland 87 



Address of Mr. Smith, of Maryland 

Mr. Speakkk: The career of the late Senator Gorman in 
its historical and biographical aspects has been dwelt upon ablj- 
and in detail in both Houses of Congress yesterday and to-day, 
and he occupied such a large place in the National Legislature 
and was so intimately connected with many great events during 
liis long service at the Capitol, which, with his part therein, 
will go down in American history, that it is neither necessary 
nor desirable for me to refer even in the briefest way to what 
he was and did as a vSenator of the United States. 

As a Representative from Maryland I rise here to pay a 
feeble tribute to his memory, impelled by the knowledge that 
the people of my district wish me upon this sad occa.sion to 
join in recalling the virtues of the dead, and this tribute, inade- 
quate as it is, is an expression, too, of the personal sorrow of 
one who was proud to possess the friendship of that son of 
Maryland whose vacant seat in the Senate echoed the vacancy 
in the hearts of his people. 

Measured by his accomplishments in the other end of the 
Capitol, Mr. Gorman's name will stand high upon the roll of 
Maryland Senators. It was his good fortune that the best part 
of his public life was cast in a period when the work at hand 
was fitted to his eminent abilities, to his shrewdness in debate, 
his wisdom in council, and his unri\-aled political generalship. 
It is these qualities for which he will be remembered, and his 
usefulness in the vSenate and to the country as a statesman of 
well-poised and practical talents, a usefulness so long and so 
widely recognized, can never fade from the record of American 
national legislation. 



88 Ml Diiirial .Iddrcsscs : .Irlliur I'. Crdrmau 

Industry and SL-U'-rL-liance were tlistinj^uisliinj;" traits of the 
page whose patron was Douglas as they were of the »Senator 
when he had gained tlie same heights upon which the figure of 
Douglas had Ijeen the object of liis boyish admiration. All 
through his life Mr. Gorm.\x was a hard worker, and in the 
earlier portion of it largely de]K-ndent upon his own efforts and 
capabilities, and from this viewpoint his career teaches with 
silent force the lesson of the cardinal characteristics which have 
always been the root of the development and ])erfecting of the 
individual in our American leaders. 

Mr. GORM.\N was a loxalde man, as thou.sands can testify, 
and the man as he was known in yonder Senate was the .same 
man as he was known in the lowliest walks of life. In per- 
sonal intercourse he was kindly and generous, and amid all the 
disillusionments and sometimes sordid scenes of jjolitical strife 
which, more than most men, it was his lot to encomiter he still 
preserved a gentle and winning manner and a sweetness of 
temper which endeared him to his friends and acquaintances 
and shed a l)eneficent influence upon all with whom he came in 
contact. We, with many others, have seen and wondered at 
the composure, the gra\-e courtesy, the kindliness of speech 
and of liiought and of action which, whether in public gather- 
ings, friendly or otherwise, or in the shelter of our homes and 
his, charmed and .soothed. 

In the varied private relations of life, in that environment 
where one is really tested as to true and unshaded character, 
Mr. Gorman uniforndy exiiibitcd, and to a \ery marked 
degree, all the virtues which bless the spheres of familv and 
friendship. 

His mortal liody is hidden forever fnjm our sight liy the 
grave, but from its darkness and silence blooms, and will for- 
ever bloom for us, the memory of his goodness, of his great- 
ness, and of his patriotism. 



Address of Afr. Siiiif/i, of Marv/and 89 



ADDRESS OF Mr. Livingston, of Georgia 

Mr. Speaker: Senator Oormax was, in cotnnion parlance, 
a self-made man. He had, by long contact with iniblic men 
and public affairs, an extensive knowledge of men and things. 
This knowledge, with his splendid endowment of common 
sense, his unflinching integrity, his sympathy for all, his gen- 
tleness and innate modesty, qualified him for the duties of life, 
whether to the State or to society, and made him a very po])u- 
lar citizen and official and a beloved husband and father. To 
know him was to love him. His official life has been largely 
dwelt upon in the.se .services, l)Oth here and in the Senate. He 
was an official con.servative, .safe, and succe.ssful, hence his 
designation as a leader in the .Senate and his political part>' as 
well as his fa.st hold upon his people in his native State. But 
for his modesty or lack of aggressivene.ss he would ha\'e headed 
the ticket for President as a representative of the national 
Democratic party. He was an old-fashioned Democrat, with- 
out the taint of many new-fangled notions called "principles." 
so common at this day. He certainly held that the Govern- 
ment was by the people, from the people, and for the people — a 
simple Democrat. His counsel and advice were sought and 
utilized by the leaders in his political party generalh', and on 
more than one occasion when his counsel was not followed 
came defeat. He was a manh' man, and, indeed, wlieii he fell 
a.sleep a great man had fallen — great in his party, great in his 
official po.sition as a Senator, great, in the tsroad sense, as a 
citizen of this great and growing country, and while we can no 
longer look upon his pleasant and cheerful face nor seek his 
counsel or leadership, yet his works, his words, and life are left 
us that we may in coming generations aihnire and follow in his 
footsteps. 



go Mtiiiorial Addresses : .{rtliiir P. (ror)na)t 



Address of Mr. Clayton, of Alabama 

Mr. vSpeaker : Two reasons constrain nie to saj' somethintj 
on this occasion. First, the obligation, the debt of gratitude, 
that tlie people of Alabama owe Senator Gorman for his valu- 
able .services in more than one instance during the last thirty 
\'ears in various political conflicts in that State, involving, as 
the white people there believed then and now believe, the 
maintenance of Christian cix'ili/.ation itself. Senator Gokm.vx 
on repeated occasions lent to us his counsel and his wisdom, 
and in other ways gave to us a helping hand in our hours of 
darkne.ss and trial. 

Again, Mr. vSpeaker, I am constrained to say .something 
because of my umiualified respect and great admiration' for the 
man. I first came to know Senator Gorman at the national 
convention at St. Louis in 1888, when Mr. Cleveland was 
nominated for the second time. From that da\- to this, in 
every national campaign, I came into contact with Senator 
Gorman, and met him officially and sociall\' upon my advent 
here ten years ago. 

I think I knew the man as he was, and I belie\-e that if he 
had adopted a Latin motto it would hr.ve been "esse quam 
videri," for to me he was always what he .seemed to lie. Mr. 
Gorman was not a self-seeker ; lie rarely ever thrust his 
advice upon others ; he was modest ; he was retiring ; yet 
he was read>- and willing to advise, and ready and willing 
to do when called upon. That he was modest is perhaps best 
iittested by the modest biograph)- written in the Congressional 
Directory. There is not one line of self-laudation, there is uot 



Address o/Mr. C/nytoii, of .Uahaiiia 91 

one claim in there tliat he did anything worthy of praise, and 
his life was full of meritorious conduct. Those who ser\-ed 
with him in the Senate, and those in the House who knew 
him, have testified to the number of conspicuous, brilliant, and 
useful things that he did, and yet in his modest biographical 
sketch he makes no mention of any of them. The mere 
achievements, the mere political honors that came to him, are 
stated in their chronological order. With that he contents 
himself. 

I shall not speak at length of his services to the country, but 
I was glad to see that in reading the account of the proceedings 
in the Senate on yesterday some measure of justice has been done 
to Senator Gok.m.a.n, even in this late da>-, in regard to what 
his position is alleged to have been in reference to the Wilson- 
Gorman bill. The error became broadcast, and it .still survives 
to some extent, that Mr. Gorman took the Wilson bill after 
it had reached the Senate and emasculated it, added to it, and 
struck out. so that it met the condenuiation of the Chief Exec- 
utive. The facts are, as testified to by his colleagues, that 
when the Senate Democratic caucus or conference was held, 
Mr. Gor:\iax presiding, the first man to denounce any .schedule 
or any part of the Wil.son-Gorman bill was a southern vSenator 
who denounced the sugar schedule of that measure. The next 
Senator to denoiuice any schedule in that bill was a Senator 
from m>' own State, denouncing the coal and iron .schedule. I 
shall not go into a di.scussion of the reasons that animated these 
Senators. I mereh' cite this fact to show that Senatt-r Gor- 
man should not be anathematized for any thing that was done or 
attempted to be done with the Wilson-Gorman bill. Senator 
GoRM.AN occupied the unic[ue position of trying to harmonize 
the different views of his Democratic colleagues, in order that 
there might be a bill agreed ujion and some legislation had. 



g2 Mouorial .\ddrcsses : Arlhur P. Curniaii 

And ihe bill as passL-d represented, as I understand it. not the 
indix'idual opinion of Senator (ioKM.v.v, Init it was the result of 
the attempt to harnioni/.e the different views of the members of 
the dominant party in the Senate. 

It is to be noted, Mr. vSpeaker, in viewinj^ the history of the 
Democratic part>', that it has triumphed but twice since the 
great civil war, and Akthi'k P. Gorm.\x had more to do with 
shaping the forces and with the management of the campaign 
that led to the first of the.se triumphs than any other man; and, 
in ni\- judgment, he did as much as, if not more, in tlie other 
successful campaign than perhaps any other man. 1 recall 
that in one memorable campaign, when the party was bold 
and aggressive, that .some of the leaders of the party discoun- 
tenanced the idea that Mr, (ioRM.w should lie prominent in 
the party councils and in its leadership in that campaign. I 
believe, Mr. Speaker, that if the management of the campaign 
of 1896 had been put in the hands of Arthi-r P. Gokm.vx, 
skillful and able and experienced as he was, and less skillful 
and less experienced as was the gentleman from ()hio, Mr. 
Hanna, that victor\' would ha\e perched ujion the Democratic 
banner. 

The personal appearance of Senator Gor.m.vx was not only 
distinguished, but hand.some. His face was classical, intel- 
lectual, and attractive. It was as clear-cut and as beautiful as 
a cameo. He was manly in his bearing, >et modest and cour- 
teous and considerate of all of his fellows. 

While Mr. Gorman has gone to that 

Country from whose tjourn 
-\o traveler returns, 

vet he has indelibls' impressed himself upon the pages of the 
liistorv of his country; and from the .study of the life of this 
great man the >dnth of our country may draw hope and 



.liMrtss of Mr. Clayton, of Alabama 93 

eucourageinent, lio\ve\er humble or poor they may be, or how- 
ever circumscribed are their environments. F'or from a poor 
boy of limited education he became the leader of his party in 
his State and in the nation. 

I learned to respect. I learned to admire him; anil I share 
with all of his former associates the universal regret at his 
untimely departure. 



94 McDiorial . \(hlrcsscs : .Ir/f/iir /'. (tormaii 



Address of Mr. Towne, of New York 

Mr. SpEAKKK: I am prdfoundlx- i;ratefiil for the opportunit\- 
uf participating^ in the tribute which this Hotise, in obedience 
to an ancient and honorable custom, to-day pays to the memor\' 
of the distinguished late Senator from Maryland. I had not 
the opportunity of quite so close and long association with the 
late Senator Gorman in public life as had .some of tho.se gen- 
tlemen who ha\-e already participated in this commemoration. 
Hut I enjoyed for a number of years the honor of a close per- 
■sonal actjuaintance with him, and I received from him .so many 
proofs of re.gard and confidence that this occasion has for nie 
the sanction of a privile.ge as well as of a duty. Unfortunately, 
it has not been jio.ssible for me, in the rush of other duties, to 
make that preparation for this occasion which its solemnity and 
interest and my own inclination impart to it, but fortunateh' 
that is a lack that will not be felt. 

The addresses that are to be and that have already been 
made here this afternoon will more than supplement any imper- 
fection in what I my.self might say. I have been particularly 
in.structed and interested by the illuminating address of the 
distinguished gentleman from Mi.ssouri [.Mr, Clark] , who never 
touches with deliberation an>thing that he does not ornament, 
and I can sub.scribe most heartil>' to the verdict he has giv-en 
on the pensonality, the .genius, and the public .ser\'ices of our 
distinguished friend. 

Personally, as others ha\e testified, and as everybody who 
knew him well nuist testif>-, Senator Gorman was a man of 
most delightful manners. Pleasure always shown upon his face 
when he met a friend. He was sincere, democratic, mode.st. 



Address of Mr. T(nun(\ oj AVrr York gs 

with a real and not affected di.w;nit>'. He ahva>s bore himself 
with that nice equipoise appropriate at once to the genial friend 
and the occupant of exalted public station. In respect of those 
cinalitics which gave him his influence among men perhaps it 
maj' be well to specify as chief among all his sincerity, his 
absolute reliability. His word could always be depended upon 
wherever he gave it under circumstance that made it possible 
(if performance. 

He believed thoroughly in the importance of duties and func- 
tions of the legislative branch of the Government. He took 
his official oath seriously. There have been few .so strenuous 
and able defenders of the prerogatives of the Senate and of the 
independence of the legislati\'e department of the Government 
as Senator Gorman was. He knew that the practical work of 
legislation every day dtiring a session of Congress demands the 
careful scrutiny of those who are re.sponsible for it, a scrutiny 
which nuist always be bestowed by .somebody upon the course 
of procedure in either body, but which seldom rewards the 
assiduity and attention of the conscientious le.gislator with any- 
thing beyond that con.sciousne.ss of duty well. performed, which 
is, perhaps, after all, the chief reward for the doing of any good 
thing. 

In debate .Senator Gokim.\n's masterv of the subject-matter ; 
his skill in dialectic; his direct, succinct method of .statement; 
his interesting and captivating voice and pre.sence, made him 
an ally to be valued and an ojjponent to be feared. His ecjuip- 
ment for legislative work was considerable, although not ,so 
fully rounded as might have been the case had he early enjoyed 
wider academic opportunities. His experience in minor po.si- 
tions in the service of the Senate, his acquaintance with the 
great political leaders of his time, the earnestue.ss with which 
he early threw himself into the political activities of his part)'. 



96 Mriiioridf . liMrrs.us : Artlnir /'. (',ori)ta)i 

his great nieniorx', liis nalural logical power of classification and 
inflnence, etiuijiiK-d him for the pnrpose of enforcing policies 
and securing legislation as few contemporaries were equipped. 

His style was direct and forcible. The distinguished gentle- 
man from Missouri [Mr. Clark] has submitted some observa- 
tions, of characteristic force and interest, upon the subject of 
oratory, a word that in my judgment is often misap])lied. I 
have known many excellent .speakers, but very few orators, and 
still fewer great orators. Senator Gorman perhaps never could 
ha\-e been a great orator. Temiieramentally he had not that 
power of self-infusion into his subject, that magnetism, that 
compelling force which characterizes masters of the art of 
persuasion. 

But in power of statement, in knowledge of what his auditor 
ought to hear, in ability to state it so that his auditor couUl not 
fail to understand it, and in so relating the parts of his dis- 
course as to make them converge to the conclusion that he de- 
sired, he was a man possessed of very considerable art, no small 
part of the art of oratory. Referring now to temperamental 
characteristics, and recognizing fully the difference between the 
two men, his method was more like that of Alexander Hamilton 
than, let us say, like that of Patrick Henry. His effect was the 
effect of the reason rather than of the imagination. His apjieal 
was to the judgment rather than to the feelings. The very 
highest oratory, of course, embraces both. It is very .seldom 
that a man pos.se.sses both structural capacity and ornamental 
power. Like great architecture, true oratory is at once .struc- 
tural and l)eautiful. When it is fundamentally structural, with 
its beauty incident to its structure, it then approaches to the 
perfection which we find illustrated in very few of the greatest 
masters, like Demosthenes and Daniel Webster. It certainly is 
no impugnment of a man that he did not reach, as a ])arlia- 



Address of Mr. Toicnc, of Nczv York 97 

mentary debater, the stature of the highest examples in that 
kind ; but as a practical legislative leader, as a manager and 
a tactician, it is altogether probable that we have not seen 
among his contemporaries in either branch of the National Con- 
gress the equal of the distinguished Senator from Maryland. 

As a leader in the field of general politics in the country 
he was a man eminent for liis tact, for his understanding of 
the political situation in every quarter of the Republic, for his 
ability to marshal his forces and use them, and above all, 
according to my own observation and judgment, for that 
peculiar capacity that has distinguished only really great 
men, of discounting temporary misinfonnation, of declining to 
be guided by momentary caprice or misled by the hasty con- 
clusions of subordinates, particularly when of a startling or an 
alarming character. Emerson has somewhere spoken of the 
necessity and importance of learning what the hours are .saying 
to the centuries; and oftentimes a man who.se ears are filled 
with the hubbub of controversy in his immediate vicinity for- 
gets the larger lessons of time and, moved by a local dis- 
turbance, may wreck principles of national extent. Senator 
Gorman was a man who was never flushed by rumor, who 
never lost his head. When others were dismayed, he was 
invariably his own ma.ster, calm, cool, collected, and resource- 
ful, able to apply all the lessons of his accumulated valuable 
experience to the immediate problem of a pressing emergency; 
one of the greatest qualifications for political leadership that a 
man can have. 

Others have spoken and this relieves me from the nece.s.sity 
of doing so at any length, Mr. Speaker, of the connection of 
Senator Gorm.\n with certain specific acts of legislation. 
Attention has been properly called to the great patriotic service 
he performed in that long contest, demanding a greater exer- 
S. Doc. 404, 59-2 7 



98 Mfiiiorial Addresses : Arlliur P. Gorman 

cise of jwlitical sagacity, tact, and strategy than perhaps any 
other parliamentary fight in our own or any other legislative 
history, by which the "force bill," as it has been properly 
called, was finally defeated — a .service in which, I believe, the 
dominant o])inion of the country to-da>- approves the feeling 
with which the South at the time greeted this tremendous 
victor)'. 

Reference has been made also to the tariff legislation in 
which Senator Gorman took so active a part. I happen to 
know the Senator's convictions upon the general su1>ject of the 
tariff. I have no .sort of sympath\- with that criticism which 
represents Senator Gokm.\n as a .sort of Mephistopheles or 
Richelieu, who pretended to favor one thing while he intended 
to do another. His views u])on the tariiT question were never 
disguised in any particular. He ne\'er claimed to be a free 
trader, but openly avowed his belief that we can not frame a 
tariff system based upon the language of the general-welfare 
clau.se of the Constitution, but that such incidental protection 
as the imposition of duties gives to the industries of the 
country is strictly appurtenant to the revenue power. 

The contention was that the .statesman must consider condi- 
tions as they exist at the time of his legislation. He was a 
very practical man. He was not for an instant a .slave to a 
priori or doctrinaire abstractions. He .set to work to frame 
a bill which should raise an adequate revenue without disturl> 
ing American industries. vSenator Gorman was a diplomat. 
It is true that he was not in the habit of issuing jnoclamations 
aiuiouncing what he was about to do. He never went about 
his business, when it was important business, heralded by a 
brass band. But there is a good deal of difference, Mr. 
Speaker, between reticence as to what your purposes are and 
pretense as to what the\- are not. Mr. Gok.man'.s part in the 



Address of Mr. Tozvnc\ of New York 99 

long-continued deliberations which resulted in 1894 in the 
enactment of tlie Wilson-Gorman law has been generally rec- 
ognized. But he had scarceh- less share in the enactment of 
the interstate-commerce law of i.ScSj, the pioneer legislation on 
a subject that has recently enjoyed so large a share of the 
attention of the Government. 

Senator Gorman has frequently been represented as the 
opposite to the idealist, as a man intensely materialistic and 
given to considerations of expediency rather than of fidelit\- 
to abstract principles. I have in mind many illu.strations to 
show that this is a complete misconception of his character. 
He was an intensely practical man and believed that legi.sla- 
tion is a practical business. His dispo.sition was to get what 
he could, and when he could not get what he thought he 
ought to have, he compromised and got all he could. Bttt he 
would not compromise a principle. I have in mind as an 
illustration of this phase of his character and habit what 
occurred comparatively recently in regard to the Panama 
Canal. Senator Gorman realized as vividly as anybody could 
realize what the commercial intere.st of the South was in hav- 
ing an interoceanic canal, but he did not approve the method 
whereby the Panama route was adopted and finally .secured. I 
hope it is not against the proprieties of this occasion for me to 
say that I do not believe any Democrat will blame Senator 
Gorm.\n for taking his stand in defense of the old principles of 
the Democratic party as against yielding to what seemed a 
commercial advantage to the Southern States. I have always 
honored him for his attitude at this juncture, and I believe 
that a very large measure of praise will ultimately be given to 
him when the history of this proposition comes to be written. 

It is true, Mr. Speaker, that this great man, like all other 
men of force in affairs long prominent in the ])ul)lic eye. in 



loo Memorial Addresses : Artlnir ]\ (joruian 

intimate association with ^reat events in the history of tlieir 
country, encountered much and liitter criticism. He did not, 
indeed, object to criticism, honest criticism. He welcomed it. 
No public man shrinks from honest critici.sm. He must be 
always ready to render an account to his fellow-citizens and 
to the judgment of posterity for his acts, and he must expect 
that his character and his deeds will pass under the .scrutiny 
of men who do not agree with him and who will willingly find 
nothing to comment on to his advantage. 

But, sir, it is, to my mind, a mo.st sorrowful thing that 
another kind of criticism spent its fury upon the head of the 
uncomplaining Senator from Maryland in the la.st hours of his 
life. The snarls and cries of ghouls and jackals mingled with 
the sounds of the clods that fell upon his coffin. The function 
of the nnick-raker, Mr. Speaker, is, projierly speaking, not one 
of criticism at all. It is frankly one of pessimism, of spite, 
of hatred, of elemental, savage, indiscriminate cruelty. 

Nothing could better illustrate the extent to which the public 
judgment may be temporarily demoralized than that the opin- 
ions of so many earnest and honest men should be .swayed l)y 
the mercenary rhetoric of certain brilliant but perverted minds 
in the .service of .splenetic disappointment, groveling jealou.sy, 
and vengeful degeneracy, displayed in assaults upon the char- 
acters of public men, wherein a devilish artificer seeks by one 
grain of truth to give color to a whole ocean of inference and 
allegation. I believe, Mr. Speaker, that the time is at hand 
when we may hope to derive some public good from this 
calamity. Nearly every wrong bears in it the seeds of its own 
correction. I believe the pendulum is about to .swing the 
other way. I believe the people of the United States are 
lo.sing patience with this tendency gratuitously to impute to 
jinblic men the very worst motives of which their conduct is 



Address of Mr. Tounic, of New York loi 

susceptible as the result of the uiost iugeuious misconstruc- 
tion, and to picture practically ever}' Member of both bodies 
of the American Congress as the secret, willing, and corrupted 
tool of interests opposed to the public welfare. As I leave 
public life myself, sir, I am glad to welcome for those who 
remain a better condition of public sentiment in this respect. 
I do not know, Mr. Speaker, what the opinions of Senator 
Gorman were touching the great issues of the hereafter. I 
do know, I think, that whatever they were they were sincerely 
and fearlessly entertained, and that, as was the ca.se with every 
other problem that I ever knew to present itself to his mind, 
he had adjusted himself to a solution that was satisfactory to 
himself. For myself I believe as devoutly as it is possible for 
me to believe anything that the soul of the great Senator from 
Maryland, untrammeled by the necessities and the influences 
of its temple of mortality, is to-day free, somewhere in this 
great universe, to proceed upon its unimpeded pathway of 
illimitable development. I can not look upon the history of 
things as we see them recorded in geology, in the science 
of anthropology, and in the development of human institutions 
without being convinced profoundly, sir, that all that religion 
reveals and all that science ascertains are absolutely in har- 
monv in the demonstration of this great probability (for, in 
the nature of things, until some traveler comes back from that 
bourne whence none has ever yet returned we can not have 
absolute knowledge) that, whereas the earlier reaches of time 
were devoted to the evolution of the human bod>'; and whereas, 
next in importance, the human mind absorbed the energies of 
evolutionary force; and whereas, finally, in the growth of altru- 
ism, and in the realization of the brotherhood of man, there 
began to expand the limitless possibilities of the human soul, 
the third and crowning consummation in the long process of 



I02 Memorial Addresses: Arthur P. Gorman 

evolutional progress; and whereas conditions here on earth for 
so little a time are so adverse to the development and perfection 
of those high capacities, it is a reasonable, if not a necessary, 
conclusion, to which science as well as religion points, that there 
must be reser\'ed, in the stretches of time succeeding this mor- 
tal existence, an opportunity for the perfection of that highest 
achievement of the processes of creation, the human soul. 

And so to-da>-, as I pay my tribute of love and reverence to 
the memory of my great and departed friend, it is not as one 
who sorrows utterly, but as one who looks forward with a faith 
that is absolute to the time when he and all of us, beyond the 
trials and tribulations oi mere mortality, shall be still employed 
in working out the ultimate purposes of that Divine Intelli- 
gence that created everything. 



Address of Mr. Byrd, of Mississippi 103 



Address of Mr. Byrd, of Mississiffi 

Mr. Spkakkk: More than half a century ago there might 
liave been seen a bright-eyed, promising youth darting through 
the halls of this Capitol, doing the errands of a page. This 
boy was Arthur Puk Gorman. 

Born of a splendid Scotch-Irish parentage almost under the 
shadow of this historic building, and having come in personal 
contact with nearly all the great political leaders from Henry 
Clay to those who now move about us, and having been blessed 
by nature with a .strong, incisive intellect and a winning per- 
sonality, and having acquired reasonable educational advan- 
tages, how could he have become less great? 

He spent his boyhood days in the atmosphere of eloquence 
and statesmanship; the thundering eloquence of Webster ex- 
pounding the Constitution and the scathing logic of the gifted 
Calhoun, defending States rights, was still ringing in the ears 
of those who moved about him in his earliest boyhood days. 

At the age of 14 he was appointed a page in the United States 
Senate. The venerable Clay was .still there. Sumner and 
Seward were just rising in their transcendent intellectual glory. 
Judah P. Benjamin, William L. Yance3% and Robert Toombs 
were among his daily preceptors. Stephen A. Douglas, the 
little giant of the We.st, was his personal friend and great bene- 
factor. Doubtless from this fiery, brilliant Democrat \oung 
Gorman acquired man>- of his successful traits of political 
character. In his maturer years he was the companion and 
compatriot of Lamar, Benjamin H. Hill, Randall, Conkling, 
Blaine, and Garfield, the sublimest aggregation of foren.sic in- 
tellectuality ever produced b\- any age or country. These great 



I04 Memorial Addresses: Arthur P. Gorman 

national characters were the associates of the late Senator 
Gorman from his boyhood days to the period when he reached 
the vigor of full manhood, and he seemed to have imbibed their 
successful traits of character without embracing their follies. 
In the course of time he became a parliamentary leader superior 
to either of them. If Robert E. Lee was the greatest military 
leader of the South, it can likewise be said that the late Senator 
Gorman was her greatest parliamentarian and p6litical leader. 
He had the power of leading his party to victory even in the 
face of almost certain defeat. He never surrendered, however 
impending the danger or however meager the chances of 
success. 

His career scintillates with sticcess at every turning point — 
always being equal to any emergency. His life was a continu- 
ous scene of successful progression from boyhood up. After 
.serving as a page in the vSenate he was made postmaster of 
that body; then internal-revenue collector for the Fifth district 
of Maryland; then a member and speaker of the Maryland 
house of delegates; then, in i88o, at the age of 41, he entered 
the greatest forum in the world, the United States Senate. In 
that body he soon ro.se to the leadership of his party, and after 
three successive terms he was succeeded in the Senate by 
another, though in 1903, at the very next turn of the political 
wheel in his native State, he was returned to the Senate and, 
by the unanimous con.sent of his Democratic colleagues, was 
restored to the leadership of his party — a tribute won by his 
merit and conferred in a spirit of chivalry. 

Mr. Speaker, many, many years will come and go ere the 
South will cease to revere the memory of this great man. In 
1891, when this House, under the leadership of the iron and 
irrepressible Reed, pas.sed and sent to the Senate the Federal 
election bill — commonly known as the "force bill" — the last 



Address of Mr. Byrd, of Mississippi 105 

attempted infamy of reconstruction, the bravest of our South- 
em statesmen despaired Ijefore the impending doom. In that 
fair section business was paralyzed; the throb of industry was 
hushed; the plowshare was left standing in the unbroken fields, 
and the spectral horrors of reconstruction again haunted every 
hamlet. 

Chilled was the blood of many a brave man and fair woman 
at the contemplation of the cruelties of Federal bayonets and 
African misrule. It seemed as though the last remaining ves- 
tige of States rights and civil liberty surviving the late civil 
war was about to be extinguished. At its crisis the South 
appealed to the fair and the just of every section. Many 
southern leaders seemed helpless and hopeless in the face of 
the overwhelming partisan opposition in the Senate. Not so 
with Senator Gorman. He had an intuitive conviction of the 
justice of the cause and was sustained by an unfaltering moral 
courage, the indispen.sable virtue in every successful leader. 
He was bold, yet prudent; active, yet patient; unyielding, yet 
conservative, watchful, and, above all things, as brave as the 
bravest. Unlike Some other leaders he took but little part in 
the geat debate. He acted while others talked. In this re- 
spect he more nearly approximated Parnell, the great Irish 
patriot and leader, than any other modern statesman. Like 
all great leaders, Parnell summoned to his aid his greatest lieu- 
tenants to do his talking while he acted and worked. In this 
regard Senator Gorman might indeed truly have been called 
the Moses of the Senate, while his colleagues were its Aarons. 

WHien the forensic battle over the force bill was raging in the 
Senate and when the high tide of partisan denunciation had 
been reached, he was not disturbed, but remained cool, delib- 
erate, and calculating. In the wild scenes of that august body 
it appeared that in him " Rea.son held the helm, while pas- 



io6 Memorial Addresses : Arthur J\ (}ormaii 

siou blew the gale. ' ' Like his great military prototype, Stone- 
wall Jackson, who often, in the midst of the wild carnage of 
battle, would silently and quietl\- search al)out the ranks of the 
enemy for a more vulnerable point of assault, so Senator Gor- 
man, in the midst of the fray, reconnoitered the enemy's posi- 
tion, observing a weak point here and the stronghold there, and 
never failed to take prompt advantage of every position assail- 
able. His .superb parliamentary tactics and leadership thwarted 
all the well-laid plans of the Senate majority, and when the 
smoke of battle had cleared away the victory was his; the force 
bill was relegated to oblivion and the country was free. 

Mr. .Speaker, in the .same grave where slumbers this attempted 
political usurpation is buried sectional hatred. The gulf of 
malice that so long existed between the North and South has 
closed forever. The sections are iniited in all the ties that 
inspire national greatness; the people have learned to know 
each other better and to love each other more. Now we have 
a great connnon country, a homogeneous jieople with kindred 
hopes and united aspirations. We are like the ancient .States 
of Greece, each Commonwealth a kingdom unto itself, yet con- 
tending each with tlie other in sacrifices for the good of the 
common country. 

The death of the force bill was the birth of southern pros- 
perity. England's greatest historian tells us that in five years 
after the wars of Cromwell, that involved ever)' English family 
and every foot of her .soil, the people were restored to their nor- 
mal prosperity, but it was forty years after the termination of 
the late civil war before the South could realize a throbbing 
puLse of increasing prosperitw That which the ravages of war 
left was prostrated and paralyzed by the infamy of reconstruc- 
tion, but these gloomy days have pas.sed, and the South is now 
on the high road to prosperity. Upon the death of the force 



Address of Mr. Bvrd^ of Mississippi 107 

bill commenced an increasing wave of industrial development 
and onward it has rolled until the wealth and industrial effort 
of that long-paralyzed section have many times nuiltiplied. 
The energies, the aspirations of a great people long stupefied 
by the cruel apprehensions of African misrule, have been diverted 
into channels of industrial endeavor. Home rule and local 
self-government have been vouchsafed to the people of that 
section; northern capital, like the rivers into the sea, has been 
flowing into that section from every quarter of the Union. 
Many noble and good people of the North and West are seek- 
ing homes in the sunny South, and the}^ are always received with 
welcome and .soon become thoroughly assimilated to otir social 
and political conditions. 

The throb of the engine, the whir of the .spindle, the ring of 
the hammer may now be heard in ever}- hamlet of the South; 
and the bursting granary, the contented negro in the snow- 
white cotton fields, the screaming locomotive, the romping 
children, the lullaby of the "housewife, plying her evening 
care," all bespeak peace and industrial contentment. Too. they 
proclaim a eulogium of the deeds and virtues of the great 
departed Senator more eloquent than human tongue can utter. 
He has erected a montiment in the hearts of millions that will 
chant his praises along the corridors of time. The monu- 
mental shaft, so high as to pierce the thunder's home and more 
lasting than brass, does not eudtire like the inscription of grati- 
tude upon the tablet of the human heart. The heroism of 
Leonidas is still fresh and green in the memory of the liberty- 
loving world, while the scorpion has long been hiding in the 
ruins of monumental Greece. Emmet's martyrdom to liberty, 
though without a stone car\-ed to his memory, will be remem- 
bered as long as Erin's blood flows in mortal veins. So the 
memory of this great tribune of the people will not vanish with 



io8 Memorial Addresses : .Irthiir P. (roriiian 

passing years. Coming generations will do him honor and 
hold up his superb life as worthy of emulation by their aspiring 
sons. 

But the defeat of the force bill was not the only public serv- 
ice rendered by Senator Gorman worthy of consideration. It 
will be remembered that when the Paris treaty, by which we 
acquired the Philippines, was .sent to the Senate, he, as the 
leader of the minority in that body, at once manshaled his 
forces to defeat its ratification, and many believe that he would 
have .succeeded but for the intermeddling and intervention of 
others high in the counsels of the Democratic party. He 
believed that the imperialistic policy of the part>' in power was 
in contravention of the .spirit and the letter of the Constitution 
and that it would ultiraatel)- breed disastrous consequences. 
How ominously prophetic was his wisdom when viewed in the 
light of the fact that this colonial jiet has cost the Government 
$700,000,000 and the lives of thousands of brave and gallant 
soldiers. This great sacrifice has been made without any 
l)enefit whatever to our Government. The blood of the gallant 
Lawton cries out in condemnation of this infamous policy. At 
this \-ery hour every wind that blows from the Pacific brings 
forebodings of war with Japan, and should it come, the wi.sdom 
of the great Senator will be doubly verified. In the future 
may we profit by his wisdom and at the very first opportunity- 
pass this bitter cup to more congenial lips. 

Like all truly great men. Senator Gokm.vn did not exhau.st 
all his virtues in the public arena, but his character was 
equally sublime in private life. In his domestic relations he 
was loving, true, gentle, and kind. He loved his home, his 
people, and his God. He was charitable to the poor and with- 
out envy of the rich. The ragged nevv.sboy and the hard- 
pressed laborer coidd always reach his manl\- heart. His 



.-iMnss of Mr. Byi'd, of Mississippi 109 

geueroiis charity and kind words waked ' ' to ecstasy ' ' the slum- 
bering ambition of many a forlorn yotith. Not until the 
scrolls of eternit}- are unfolded will the full measure of his 
benedictions to humanity be realized. 

But his manly voice is silent. The eagle that long soared 
about the mountain's peak has been stiicken to earth. Death, 
the antithesis of life, the avenger of all, the respecter of none, 
the grim mes.seuger from — we know not where — with icy 
finger touched his heart and bade it be still. His majestic life, 
studded with the golden gems of love, charity, and patriotism 
proclaims that he went to his grave with an luifaltering trust 
in the promise of the new life flashed from Calvary's brow. 
He is not dead, but has simply passed the gatewaj- of death 
from the scenes of his usefulness to the realms of his God. 

There is no death! what seems so is transition; 

This life of mortal breath 
Is but a suburb of the life Elysian, 

Whose portal we call Death. 



no Memorial Addresses: Artlmr I'. Gorman 



Address of Mr. Goulden, of New York 

Mr. .Speaker: Having known the late Senator Arthur 
PuK Gorman for mau\- years, and as my forefathers for more 
than two centuries claimed Maryland as their home, I feel it a 
duty to add a few words to the memorj' of one of the leading 
sons of that grand old Commonwealth. 

The soil of that State is sacred to me, as it holds the dn.st of 
seven generations of my family, and some day will be my own 
last peaceful resting place. 

Proud as I am of the achievements of the long line of illus- 
trious men of the .State, I should feel recreant to duty and false 
to the name and character of my ancestors if I did not sa>' 
something on this occasion. 

Senator Gorman was a worthy .son of whom all the people 
of Maryland are justh- jiroud. He left his impress for good, 
not alone on his native State, but upon the nation as well. 

As is usual with great men in all ages, he was frequently 
misunderstood and his motives mi.scon.strued. Those who knew 
him best loved him for his sterling character, for his warm, 
generous heart, his kind, loving disposition, his splendid family 
relations, as well as for his firm and unswerving loj-alty to 
duty. In all walks of life, even by his political foes, he was 
respected and admired. His character, both private and public, 
was above su.spicion, and his patriotism of that high order that 
should characterize every true American citizen. 

As has been so ably and eloquently said by the many distin- 
guished s])eakers who have preceded me, he was one of nature's 
nolilenien, a man of whom the entire country may well feel a 
just and honorable pride; one whose menior\- will ever fondls' 



Address of Mr. Goiildoi, of Nciv York 1 1 1 

be cherished. The people of the uation claim him as one of 
America's great men, and his life and work belong to them as 
well as to the State of Maryland. 

We liouor our.selves and the patriotic people of the conntry 
by meeting here to-day to show our respect, love, and admi- 
ration for the life and achievements of our departed friend, 
Senator Arthur Pue Gorman. The magnificent tribute paid 
his memory by the Speaker of this House to-day was from one 
who knew him well. 

The sentiments found a warm respon.se in the hearts of all 
who had the honor of hearing his beautiful words to the 
memorj' of Senator Gorman. As an humble friend and warm 
admirer of this leading son of Maryland, I place this simple 
wreath to his memory. 



112 Memorial Addresses: Aitluir P. (Sorinaii 



Address of Mr. Gill, of Maryland 

Mr. Speaker : At the outset of my remarks on this solemn 
occasion, I must frankly confess that I have always entertained 
a dislike for memorial proceedings of this character, and for 
that reason have always heretofore declined to participate in 
them. But I have been so deeply impressed by the etilogies 
on the late Senator from Maryland, .so feelingly and impress- 
ively pronounced in the Senate ye.sterday, that my prejudices 
on this subject have been very nnich modified, if not alto- 
gether dis.sipated. The solemn proceedings in the Senate yes- 
terday have convinced me that it is not only fitting, but 
essential to the formation of a just estimate of the public 
achievements of a man like vSenator Gorm.^n that tho.se 
who were most intimately as.sociated with him in the work to 
which he devoted the best years of his life .should be given an 
opportunity of testifying to his worth as a man and as a 
public .servant. 

My own acquaintance with the deceased Senator dates back 
to the time when he .served his fir.st term in the State .senate 
of Maryland, I then lieing a member of the Maryland hou.se of 
delegates. As he and I ser\-ed on the joint committee made 
up of the finance committee of the senate and the ways and 
means committee of the house of delegates, I was afforded an 
excellent opportunity of learning .something of the man. I 
was not long in di.scovering that even at that time he was a 
man of force, ability, and character. 

His industry was proverbial. No detail in connection with 
his work was too trivial for consideration. Once having mas- 
tered the details of a proposition he was prepared to grapple 



Address of Mr. (li//, ('/' Afnrvlaud 113 

with all the ilifficulties that presented themselves on the subject. 
His knowledge of human nature and his ability to gauge those 
who were associated with him were marvelous. He was seldom 
unsnccessftil in his efforts to convince his associates of the wis- 
dom of the jiarticular policx' which he thought it well tf) pur- 
sue in order to bring about the enactment of such legislation as 
he deemed wise. The qualities which he displayed at that 
early period of his legislative career foreshadowed the success 
which in later years crowned his efforts. The rise from the 
position of State senator to that of United vStates Senator was 
to him a comparatively easy ta.sk. Only a .short .span of yeans 
intervened between his promotion to the Senate and his 
assumption of the leadership of the minority in th.at body, and 
with the duties of this dignified and responsible office he cou- 
pled tho.se of leader of the national Democracy. 

The achievements of the late Senator Gorman as a member 
of the United States Senate have been forcefullx- and so elo- 
quently portrayed in the vSeiiate Chamber >-esterday, by Repub- 
licans as well as Democrats, that it would be futile for an>-one 
else to add anything to the eulogies which appear in the Con- 
gresisional Record of to-day. That his services in the Senate 
had been appreciated by the great mass of the people of the 
State which I have the honor in part to repre.sent in this body 
is demonstrated by an incident which occurred during my cam- 
paign last fall. While addre.ssing the largest meeting held in 
my di.strict, at which there were about 4,000 people present, I 
referred to the force bill and to the masterly qualities of leader- 
ship which Senator Gokm.\.\' displayed on that occasion, and 
wliich resulted in the defeat of that measure. At the mention 
of the late Senator's name there was a greater outburst of spon- 
taneous and persistent applause than I ever heard elicited by 
the mention of the name of any of our distinguished citizens on 
similar occasions. 

S. Doc. 404, 59-2 8 



114 Memorial Addresses: Arthur P. Gorutaii 

The ci)n.s])icuous SL-ivit-i- rciulered by the late Senator Gor- 
man in Ijviiigiiig about the defeat of the force bill earned for 
him more than the uralitnile of his own vState. Tliis achieve- 
ment endeared him more than any other patriotic act in his life 
to all the people of the Sonth and to millions of the North who 
l)elieved that the force bill was fraught with the greatest danger 
to the liberties of our people. 

That a prophet is not without honor save in his own home is 
an axiom the truth of which probably no other man in public 
life had more reason to feel than the late vSenator from Mary- 
land. His ray)id attainment of the highest honor which his 
State could confer U]>on him, while drawing to him hosts of 
loyal and faithful friends, who were true to him to the last, also 
created many enemies who leveled al him the sharpest shafts of 
.satire and denunciation, yet all nuist admit that notwithstand- 
ing the ol)Stacles that beset his path and the con.stant strife 
that waged about him he remained in the conflict to the la.st, 
only laying aside his armor and sword for the garb in which 
one is arrayed who starts on the journey from whence there is 
no return. 

The future biographer and the future hi.storian will give to 
Arthur P. Gorm.\n the niche in the Temple of Fame to which 
his public .services justly entitle him. 

Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to print in the Record 
the resolutions whicli 1 send to the Clerk's desk. 

The Speaker pro tempore. The gentleman asks unanimous 
consent to have incorporated in the Record the resolutions 
which will now be rejiorted b\- the Clerk. 

The Clerk read as follows: 

RKSOttlTION TNANIMOUSI.V .ADOPTED BV THE DKMOCR.VTIC C.\UCUS 

JUNE 9, igo6. 

The Dc-iiiocratic Sf iiators at their fir.st meeliii}; in cout'oreiUH' .sub.sequfiit 
to the dcatli of Uii-ir fornu-r houortil Miid bt-lovt-il chainiiati, Uu- latu 



Address of j\lr. Gill, of Maryland 115 

Senator Gorman, obey their unatTected impulse in the expression of their 
profound sorrow for his loss to them as their personal friend ami their 
sagacious, faithful political guide in their official relations. 

A faithfid friend, zealous and wise party leader, considerate ami concili- 
atory and careful of the interests of all, he greatly endeared himself to 
his party associates, by whom his memory will ever be most fondly 
cherished. 

Tlie Spe.vkek pro tempore. Is there objection? 

There was 110 objection. 

Mr. Gill. Mr. Speaker. I oiler tlie resolutions wliich I send 
to the Clerk's desk. 

The Spe.vker pro tempore. The gentleman from Maryland 
offers the following resolutions: 

Resolved, That the Clerk of the Hou.st- send a copy of the resolutions to 
the family of the deceased. 

Resotl'ed, That as a further mark of respect to the memory of the 
deceased, the House do now- adjourn. 



o 



